Week 1 Quiz Guide Flashcards
Chapters 1-5
What is Medicare?
Medicare is a federal health insurance program for people who are 65 years of age or older. Medicare also covers people of any age with permanent kidney failure or certain disabilities.
Describe Part A of the Medicare program.
Part A helps pay for care in or from a hospital, skilled nursing facility, home health agency, or hospice.
Describe Part B of the Medicare program.
Part B helps pay for doctor services and other medical services and equipment.
Describe Part C of the Medicare program.
Part C allows private health insurance companies to provide Medicare benefits.
Describe Part D of the Medicare program.
Part D helps pays for medications prescribed for treatment.
What is Medicaid?
Medicaid is a medical assistance program for people who have a low income, as well as for people with disabilities. Is it funded by both the federal government and each state.
How is Medicaid eligibility determined?
Eligibility for Medicaid is determined by income and special circumstances. Individuals must qualify for the program to receive benefits.
What is the Nursing Assistant’s (NA) Role?
The Nursing Assistant (NA) performs assigned nursing tasks related to helping care or residents/patients. NA’s also assist with activities of daily living (ADLs), which are daily personal care tasks.
What are some NA tasks?
Serving meal trays and helping eat and drink
Helping dress and undress
Bathing
Grooming
Measuring and recording vital signs
Assisting with elimination needs
Observing and reporting changes in resident/patient condition
Reporting resident/patient complaints to the nurse
Assisting with ambulating and transfer of resident/patient
Caring for supplies and equipment
What are tasks are NAs NOT permitted to do?
NAs are not allowed to insert or remove tubes, give tube feedings, or change sterile dressings. NAs are not allowed to give medication.
What are some examples of professional behavior?
Being neatly dressed and groomed, with clean uniform and shoes.
Being on time when scheduled to work; calling your facility as early as possible if sick or unable to work.
Avoiding unnecessary absences.
Keeping a positive attitude.
Speaking politely to all people in the facility.
Keeping all resident information confidential.
Following all facility policies and procedures.
Meeting and maintaining all educational requirements.
Asking questions when you do not understand something.
What are some examples of unprofessional behavior?
Leaving early without permission and without reporting to the nurse in charge when leaving the unit.
Reporting to work under the influence of alcohol and/or illegal substances.
Using pet names like “sweetie”, “honey”, or “dear” when addressing residents/patients, family members, or visitors.
Using profanity or inappropriate language.
Gossiping or speaking badly about residents, coworkers, or bosses.
Not reporting problems or concerns to your supervisor.
Being dishonest or careless in documents or reports.
Who are the members of the healthcare team?
Resident/Patient and their family
Nurses (RN, LPN/LVN, APRN)
Physician or Doctor (MD or DO)
Physician Assistant (PA)
Physical Therapist (PT or DPT)
Occupational Therapist (OT or OTD)
Speech Language Pathologist (SLP)
Registered Dietician or Nutritionist (RD or RDN)
Respiratory Therapist (RT)
Medical Social Worker (MSW)
Medication Aide
Nursing Assistant (NA)
What is the NA Code of Ethics?
I will strive to provide and maintain the highest quality of care for all residents. I will fully recognize and follow all Residents’ Rights.
I will communicate well, serve on committees, and read all material as provided and required by my employer.
I will demonstrate a positive attitude with all residents, their family members, staff, and other visitors.
I will always provide privacy for all residents. I will maintain the confidentiality of resident, staff, and visitor information.
I will be trustworthy and honest in all dealing with residents, staff, and visitors.
I will strive to preserve resident safety. I will report mistakes I make, along with anything that I deem dangerous, to the right person(s).
I will have empathy for all residents, staff, and visitors, giving support and encouragement when needed.
I will respect all people, regardless of age, gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, religion, race, ethnicity, economic situation, or diagnosis.
I will never abuse residents in any way. I will report any suspected abuse to the proper person immediately.
I will be patient will all people at my facility.
What are Residents’ Rights?
Residents’ Rights specify how residents must be treated while in a living facility. They provide an ethical code of conduct for healthcare workers. Facility staff give residents a list of these rights and review each one with them.
List each of the Residents’ Rights:
Be Treated with Respect
Participate in Activities
Be Free from Discrimination
Be Free from Abuse and Neglect
Be Free from Restraints
Make Complaints
Get Proper Medical Care
Have Your Representative Notified
Get Information on Services and Fees
Manage Your Money
Get Proper Privacy, Property, and Living Arrangements
Spend Time with Visitors
Get Social Services
Leave the Facility
Have Protection Against Unfair Transfer or Discharge
Form or Participate in Resident Groups
Have Your Family and Friends Involved
What is Abuse?
Abuse is purposeful mistreatment that causes physical, mental, emotional, or financial pain or injury to someone.
What are the different types of abuse?
Physical abuse
Psychological abuse
Verbal abuse
Sexual abuse
Financial abuse
Assault
Battery
Domestic violence
Intimate partner violence
Workplace violence
False imprisonment
Involuntary seclusion
Sexual harassment
Substance abuse
Defamation (Libel or Slander)
What is Neglect?
Neglect is the failure to provide necessary care or services, resulting in physical, mental, or emotional harm to a person.
What is Negligence?
Negligence means actions or the failure to act or give proper care to a person, resulting in unintended injury.
What are some common signs that abuse is occurring?
Cuts, abrasions, wounds, blisters, or bumps
Broken bones
Bruising, contusions, welts, or hematomas
Recurring injuries
Burns of unusual shape and in unusual locations
Bite marks or scratches
Unexplained weight loss, malnutrition
Missing hair
Broken or missing teeth
Blood in underwear
Mood swings
Fear, anxiety, and agitation, especially when a particular caregiver is present
Fear of being left alone
Depression or withdrawal
What are some common signs that neglect is occurring?
Pressure injuries
Weight loss or poor appetite, malnutrition
Dehydration
Frequent complaints or hunger or thirst
Strong smell or urine
Unclean body
Dirty, matted, or unstyled hair
Ragged or dirty fingernails
Soiled clothes or bedlinens or incontinence briefs not being changed
Ripped or torn clothing
Damaged or poorly fitting hearing aids, eyeglasses, or dentures
Unanswered call lights
What is HIPPA?
HIPPA is the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act. It was passed by Congress in 1996 and has been further defined and revised since. This law sets standards or protecting the privacy of patients’ health information.
What are ethics?
Ethics are the knowledge of what is right and wrong; they are what guide conduct.
What is Verbal Communication?
Verbal communication involves using words, such as speaking and writing. This includes the way in which words are spoken or written, including symbols such as emojis. Oral reports are an example of verbal communication.
What is Nonverbal Communication?
Nonverbal communication is communication that happens without the use of words. Body language and touch are forms of nonverbal communication.
What are some proper communication guidelines?
Using appropriate words and ensuring residents are able to understand what you say.
Using proper words and terms with care team members.
Being aware of your body language.
Using a friendly, professional tone of voice.
Communicate care and concern.
Not interrupting or trying to finish resident/patient sentences. Wait for responses, patiently, and let pauses happen.
Practice Active Listening.
Use facts when communicating.
What is a medical chart?
The medical chart, or clinical/medical record, is the legal record of care for a resident/patient. The chart is a legal document and what is included in its content is considered to be a factual account of what actually happened.
List the common documentation and information found in a medical chart:
Admission forms
Resident/Patient history and results of physical examinations
Care plans
Doctors’ orders
Doctors’ progress notes
Nursing assessments
Nurses’ notes
Notes from PTs, OTs, and other specialists
Flow sheets (check-off sheets for documentation of care; ADL sheet)
Graphic record
Intake and output record
Consent forms
Lab and test results
Surgery reports
Advance directives
What is the NAs role in documentation?
NAs chart, or document, all resident/patient care that they provide. They also document their observations. This task is critical in ensuring that the chart is an up-to-date record of each resident’s/patient’s status and care.
List some guidelines for accurate documentation:
Keep all information in the chart confidential
Document immediately after care is given
Never record care before it is given
Use black ink and write neatly, if recording by hand, and sign each note made with full name, title, date, and time
Use only facts, not opinions, when documenting
Use comparisons to describe size
Follow facility policy for correcting/updating mistakes made during documenting
Use the facility’s accepted abbreviations and terms
What is objective information?
Objective information is information based on what a person sees, hears, touches, or smells. “Signs”
What is subjective information?
Subjective information is information collected from something that resident/patient or their families reported, and it may or may not be true. “Symptoms”
What are some immediate reports?
Falls
Wheezing
Difficulty breathing
Chest pain or pressure
Pain calf or leg
Blurred vision
Slurred speech
Abdominal pain
Vomiting
Sudden limp or change in ability to walk
Numbness or loss of feeling in one side of the body or in arms or legs
Change in vital signs
Sudden or severe headache
Change in mental status, such as confusion or disorientation
What is an incident?
An incident is an accident, problem, or unexpected event that happens during the course of care; something that is not part of normal routine.
What are some examples of types of incidents?
A mistake in care, such as feeding from the wrong meal tray.
A fall or injury.
Accusations made by residents/patients against staff, as well as employee injuries.
List and Order correctly Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs:
Need for self-actualization
Need for self-esteem
Need for love
Safety and security needs
Physiological needs
What are examples of physiological needs?
Oxygen, water, food, elimination, and rest
What are examples of safety and security needs?
Shelter, protection, and stability
What are examples of the need for love?
Feeling loved and accepted, belonging
What are examples of the need for self-esteem?
Achievement, belief in one’s own worth and value
What are examples of the need for self-actualization?
Learning, creating, and realizing one’s own potential
What are some guidelines for helping a resident/patient with a development disability?
Treating adult residents/patients as adults, regardless of their intellectual abilities.
Praise and encourage often, especially positive behavior.
Help teach them to perform ADLs by dividing a task into small steps.
Repeat words to ensure understanding.
Talk to them, even if they cannot speak, using alternate methods of communication as directed.
Promote independence while ensuring safety.
Assist with safe activities and motor functions that are difficult.
Prevent falls where balance problems are known.
Encourage following special diets and knowing any food allergies they may have.
Encourage social interaction.
Always be patient.
