Week 7: Diuretics

Question 1

Thiazides - chlorthalidone, HCTZ, Metolazone MOA and indication

Answer 1

• Inhibits sodium reabsorption
• Distal renal tubule
• maintenance med
• indication: HTN, mild fluid retention

Question 2

Thiazides ADRs

Answer 2

• hypokalemia
• hyperuricemia
• hyperglycemia
• hypercalcium (tHiazides = High calcium)
• dizziness
• hypotension
• increase cholesterol (LDL/trig)

Question 3

Loop Diuretics - Furosemide (Lasix) MOA and indication

Answer 3

• Inhibits sodium and chloride reabsorption
• Ascending loop of Henle
• This is the most effective diuretic
• indication: edema a/s with congestive HF, hepatic cirrhosis (to rid Na of ascites), renal disease

Question 4

Loop Diuretics ADRs

Answer 4

• hypotension
• hypokalemia
• hyperuricemia
• hyperglycemia
• hypocalcium (Loop = Low calcium)
• ototoxicity

Question 5

Loop Diuretics cautions/ contraindications

Answer 5

• caution in patients with prior sulfonamide allergy
• no anuric pts
• caution in elderly, gout

Question 6

Potassium-Sparing Diuretics - Spironolactone (aldactone) MOA & indication

Answer 6

• competes with aldosterone for receptor sites in distal renal tubules, increasing Na/H2O excretion and keeping K
• collecting duct/distal renal tubules
• is an aldosterone antagonist in the kidneys
• also blocks aldosterone elsewhere in the body causing androgenic effects (blocking testosterone)

Question 7

Spironolactone (Aldactone) ADRs

Answer 7

• gynecomastia
• rash
• hyperkalemia
• menstrual irregularities
• hyperuricemia
• hyponatremia

Question 8

thiazide diuretics (chlorthalidone and hydrochlorothiazide) indications

Answer 8

HTN

mild fluid retention

Question 9

thiazide contraindications

Answer 9

caution in gout

caution in e- disturbances, diabetes (causes hyperglycemia), elderly

Question 10

spironolactone (Aldactone) indications

Answer 10

edema r/t CHF