week 7: Databases

Question 1

data governance

Answer 1

an approach to managing information across an entire organization

Uses Master Data Management

Question 2

what does data governance control?

Answer 2

Master Data (semi-permanent or core data)

Transaction Data (business activities)

Question 3

what do databases minimize?

Answer 3

Data redundancy

Data isolation

Data inconsistency

Question 4

Data redundancy

Answer 4

The same data are stored in many places

Question 5

Data isolation

Answer 5

Applications cannot access data associated with other applications

Question 6

Data inconsistency

Answer 6

Various copies of the data do not agree

Question 7

what do Database Management Systems (DBMS) maximize?

Answer 7

Data security

Data integrity

Data independence

Question 8

Data security

Answer 8

Databases must have extremely high security measures in place to deter mistakes and attacks since data is stored in one place

Question 9

Data integrity

Answer 9

Data must meet certain constraints, such as no alphabetic characters in a Social Insurance Number field

Question 10

Data independence

Answer 10

Applications and data are not linked to each other so that all applications are able to access the same data

Question 11

bit

Answer 11

(binary digit)

represents the smallest unit of data a computer can process

(e.g. 1 or 0)

Question 12

byte

Answer 12

represents a single character

often composed of eight bits (e.g. 01101010 which represents a lower case j)

Question 13

field

Answer 13

A logical grouping of related characters

Question 14

record

Answer 14

A logical grouping of related fields

describes database entities

Question 15

File (or table)

Answer 15

A logical grouping of related records

Question 16

database

Answer 16

A logical grouping of related files

Question 17

what do Database management systems (DBMS) do?

Answer 17

create and manage a database

Question 18

database entities

Answer 18

a person, place, thing, or event about which an organization maintains information

Question 19

database instance

Answer 19

one specific, unique representation of the entity

Question 20

database attribute

Answer 20

a characteristic or quality of a particular entity

Question 21

database primary key

Answer 21

a field that uniquely identifies a record

Question 22

database secondary keys

Answer 22

other identifying fields that typically do not identify the file with complete accuracy

Question 23

database foreign key fields

Answer 23

used to uniquely identify a row of another table that is linked to the current table

Question 24

does every record have a primary key?

Answer 24

yeee

Question 25

what do records describe?

Answer 25

entities

Question 26

BIG DATA

Answer 26

data so large and complex it cannot be managed by traditional systems

Question 27

by how much is data increasing each year?

Answer 27

50%

Question 28

computer data volume

Answer 28

computer-generated from many sources

Question 29

computer data velocity

Answer 29

flows rapidly to/from within the organization

Question 30

computer data variety

Answer 30

in addition to numbers and text, it includes images, sound, web- based content and others

Question 31

dirty data

Answer 31

inaccurate

incomplete,

incorrect

duplicate

erroneous (e.g. incorrect spelling)

Question 32

issues with big data

Answer 32

dirty data

untrusted sources

Big data changes since quality issues can arise

Question 33

big data benefits

Answer 33

Making data available

Enabling organizations to conduct experiments

Microsegmenting customers

Creating new business models

Being able to analyze more data

Question 34

Microsegmenting customers

Answer 34

dividing customers into smaller groups to provide tailored services

Question 35

DATA WAREHOUSES
AND DATA MARTS:
CHARACTERISTICS

Answer 35

Organized by business dimension or subject

Use On-line Analytical Processing

Integrated

Time Variant

Nonvolatile

Multidimensional

Question 36

DATA WAREHOUSES

AND DATA MARTS include :

Answer 36

Source systems

Data-integration technology and processes that prepare the data for use

Different architectures for storing data in an organization’s data warehouse or data marts

Different tools and applications for the variety of users

Metadata, data quality, and governance to meets its purposes

Question 37

data warehouses

Answer 37

repositories of historical data

organized by subject to support decision makers in the organization

Question 38

data marts

Answer 38

low-cost, scaled-down version of a data warehouse

designed for the end-user needs in a strategic business unit (SBU) or an individual department.