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Comm 226: Business Technology Management > CASA: ERPs (chapter 8) > Flashcards

CASA: ERPs (chapter 8) Flashcards

1
Q

What problem does an ERP solve?

A

ERP systems solve silo problems

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2
Q

how do ERPs solve silo problems

A

ERP are very large enterprise IS that bring data together in a big database

help a company improve its processes

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3
Q

Two solutions (​enterprise systems​) to silo problem

A

ERP (Enterprise resource planning)

EAI (Enterprise application interface)

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4
Q

ERP (Enterprise resource planning)

A

solves silo problem with centralized approach

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5
Q

2 keys characteristics of ERP (Enterprise resource planning)

A

Creates a single database

Provide a set of industry-leading processes that are well integrated with each other

→e.g.: data from a new sales sent to to database & speeds the process of production & procurement of supplies

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6
Q

what is the advantage of create a single database?

A

by consolidating data, a company can avoid the problem of having multiple versions of the same thing

→e.g.: storing data about a customer in 2 silos and not knowing which customer data is correct

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7
Q

EAI (Enterprise application interface)

A

provides layers of software that connect information systems together

Major benefit: ​enables organizations to use existing applications while
alleviating many of the problems of information silos

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8
Q

how do EAIs (Enterprise application interface) provide layers of software that connect information systems together?

A

Connection information silos via a new layer of software

Enables existing applications to communicate and share data

Provides integrated data

Leverages existing systems, leaving departmental information systems as is, but
providing an integration layer over the top

Enables a gradual move to ERP

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9
Q

History of ERP Evolution

A

1970s: material requirement planning (MRP); managed inventory, production & labor

then, manufacturing resource planning (MRPI) added financial tracking capabilities, schedule equipment & facilities because computing power became cheaper

then, Just in time (JIT) delivery integrated manufacturing & supply (manufacturing occurs just as supply arrives)

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10
Q

five components of an ERP?

A
  1. software
  2. Hardware
  3. Data
  4. Procedures
  5. People
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11
Q

software

A

Typically resides on servers and on client machines in the company

Can be customized without changing code →customization = ​configuration

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12
Q

Hardware

A

disk storage

servers, clients

printers

scanners

network devices

cables

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13
Q

New hardware

A

cloud computing

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14
Q

cloud computing

A

enables ERP systems to be rented at much lower upfront cost

stored on cloud vendor hardware

paid for by use

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15
Q

three types of data

A

transactional data

master data

organizational data

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16
Q

Transactional data

A

combination of organizational data, master data, and situational data

Data that is specific to the task being executed, such as who, what, when, and where.

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17
Q

master data

A

represent entities associated with various processes

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18
Q

organizational data

A

used to represent the structure of an enterprise.

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19
Q

Procedures

A

set of instructions for a person to follow when operating an IS

20
Q

Types of procedures

A

hiring procedures

production procedure

procurement
procedure

other procedures

21
Q

steps of procedures

A

1st step: crafting procedure

2nd step: training employees to use procedure

22
Q

3 categories of “people”

A

Users

IT Analysts “system analysts”

Consultant

23
Q

Users

A

employees of the firm implementing the system

24
Q

IT Analysts “system analysts”

A

also employees with specialized training/education

25
Q

Consultant

A

works for the ERP Vendor called a ​third party

helps budget, plan, train, configure & implement the system

26
Q

ERP Career opportunities

A

Consultant

Systems analyst

Developer

Project manager

Business analyst

Architect

Trainer

27
Q

Client-Server Architecture

A

applications that consist of three layers contained in one system

Presentation Layer

Application Layer

Data Layer

28
Q

Presentation Layer

A

how you interact with the application (using menus, typing, and selecting).

29
Q

Application Layer

A

what the application allows you to do (create formulas or charts, compose an essay).

30
Q

Data Layer

A

here the application stores your work (on your hard drive or flash drive).

31
Q

benefits of the Client-Server Architecture

A

Reduced the costs of acquiring, implementing, and using an ES

Increased the SCALABILITY of the systems

32
Q

how did Client-Server Architecture increase scability?

A

ability to support a greater number of users over time, t at a decreasing cost per user

33
Q

Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA)

A

web-enabled three-tier applications that users can access through a communication protocol over a network, or Web services

companies could now integrate multiple client-server applications and create enterprise mash-ups, or composite applications

34
Q

what do ERP systems focus primarily on?

A

focus primarily on intra-company processes

he operations that are performed within an organization

35
Q

material types in material data

A

Raw materials (ROH)

Semi-finished goods (HALB)

Finished goods (FERT)

Trading goods (HAWA)

36
Q

best example of ERP?

why?

A

SAP ERP

SAP covers different business process capabilities, called modules

37
Q

what do SAP modules include?

A

Production planning (PP)

material management (MM)

sales and distribution (SD)

plant maintenance (PM)

project systems (PS)

quality management (QM)

financial accounting (FI)

management accounting/controlling (CO)

Human ressources (HR)

Business intelligence (BI

38
Q

what are the inter-company systems supported by SAP?

A

Supply Chain Management (SCM)

Supplier Relationship Management (SRM)

Customer Relationship Management (CRM)

Product Lifecycle Management (PLM)

39
Q

Supply Chain Management (SCM)

A

connects a company to other

companies that supply the materials it needs to make its products

40
Q

Supplier Relationship Management (SRM)

A

systems that typically manage the overall relationships with the materials suppliers

41
Q

Customer Relationship Management (CRM)

A

systems connect a company’s ERP system to those of its customers

42
Q

Product Lifecycle Management (PLM)

A

ystems that help companies administer the processes of research, design, and product management

43
Q

what is the name of the ERP system combining the inter-company systems?

A

the application suite

44
Q

APPLICATION PLATFORMS

A

Enterprise operating systems which contain specifically tailored ES

45
Q

3 elements of organizational data

A
  1. Client Code
  2. Company Code
  3. plant
46
Q

Enterprise Systems (ES)

A

large-scale application software packages that support business processes, information flows, reporting, and data analytics in complex organizations

47
Q

two types of enterprise systems architecture

A

Client-Server Architecture

Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA)

Comm 226: Business Technology Management (15 decks)

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