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Drugs And Dosage Midterm > Week 7 > Flashcards

Week 7 Flashcards

0
Q

What are the adverse reaction of phenobarbital

A

Nausea and drowsiness

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1
Q

What are the uses of phenobarbital ( barbiturates )

A

Control epilepsy
Sedation
Insomnia
Short acting can be used as anesthetics

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2
Q

What are the nursing interventions of phenobarbital

A

Toxicity, pulmonary constriction, cold, clammy skin, insomnia, n/v
Physical dependency may occur
Do not stop abruptly-withdrawals

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3
Q

Initiated when neurotransmitters withdraw from a reticular formation in the brain

A

Non REM

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4
Q

Occurs in cycles about every 90 min starting 1-2 hrs after falling asleep. With more in the morning . Has memorable dreams

A

REM sleep

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5
Q

What are the effects of sleep deprivation

A

Fatigue irritably poor concentration, poor relationships, feelings of persecution, decreased motor coordination, increased stress level

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6
Q

Sleep for elderly?

A

More time to fall asleep, tend to wake up more at night , tend to awaken earlier, tolerate sleep deprivation poorly, require less sleep but. Eyed to stay in bed longer to get the same quality of sleep.

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7
Q

What are the non medication ways to promote sleep

A

Standard bedtime to encourage circadian rhythm
No alcohol or caffeine for several hr before bed
Bed only for sleep and sex
Unwind before sleep
Warm bath, soft music, message

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8
Q

What is benzodiazepines diazepam

A

Long half life so sleep hangover is common
Deep and refreshing sleep
Less REM
After chronic use REM sleep increase as tolerance develops
When discontinued rebound increase in REM sleep ( bizarre dreams)

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9
Q

What is benzodiazepines used for

A

Sedation
Treatment of insomnia
Reduction of pre operative anxiety
Problem dependency if used for periods longer then 45-99 days

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10
Q

Nursing consideration for benzo

A

Cns depressant increase with ETOH or narcotics
Reduce the amount of time spent in REM sleep
Give at 2200 n later 0100
Do not stop abruptly

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11
Q

What are the uses for lorazepam

A

Anti anxiety drug
Relieves anxiety in phobic disorders
Treat potential delirium tremendous in acute ETOH withdraw
Properties relaxation

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12
Q

What are the adverse reactions of lorazepam

A

Dizziness, drowsiness, blurred vision, orthostatic hypotension n/v/d, incontinence, visual disturbance

Most adverse reactions are seen in higher doses

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13
Q

What are the nursing interventions or larazepam

A

Monitor vs, if b/p drops by 20 mmHg hold and notify RN
Moniter liver and renal studies
Give with food or milk if hi symptoms present

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14
Q

What is the most common of the psychiatric disorders

A

Depression

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15
Q

Major depression is characterized by at least five of the following

A

Loss of energy , fatigue insomnia obsession with death , suicidal ideation , feeling of worthlessness
Hallucination and delusions

16
Q

Block the reputable of norepinephrine and serotonin which result in stimulation of the CNS

A

Tricyclics antidepressant

17
Q

How do neurotransmitter a normally work

A

Neurotransmitter a can be returned to axon terminals for reuse or transported into Gaul cells

18
Q

Neurotransmitter —-

A

Enzymes inactivated them

Can diffuse out of synaptic cleft

19
Q

Inhibits the activity of the Mao which results in crease of epi and norepinephrine and serotonin
Reduces depression by stimulating the CNS

A

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors MAO

20
Q

Selective serotonin rep take inhibitor does what

A

Block the reputable of serotonin

21
Q

What are the adverse reactions if antidepressants

A

Paralytic ileus
Acute renal failure ARF
Some brands will cause HTN

22
Q

What are the common side affects of antidepressant

A

Drowsiness dizziness Dry mouth diarrhea orthostatic hypotension

23
Q

Tonic clinic type of seizure characterized by contractions of involuntary muscle

A

Convulsions

24
Q

What are the causes for seizures

A

Hypoglycemia fever electrolyte imbalance overdose withdrawal of alcohol withdrawal of sedative hypnotic drugs head trauma

25
Q

Anticonvulsant medication work in two main ways

A

Block the movement of sodium ions into nerve cells

Inhibit glutamate, the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain

26
Q

What are the uses for anti convulsants medication

A

Prevent seizures stop acute sir urea stop status epilepticus, tonic clinic convulsions

27
Q

Medication for seizing patient

A

Rectal Valium is common
IMValium or Ativan
IV ^
IV Dilantin

28
Q

What are the causes of parkinson disease

A

Primary cause reduction of dopamine producing cells

Head trauma intracranial infection rumors drug exposure

29
Q

Medication that will treat Parkinson’s disease is

A

Levodopa

Drugs And Dosage Midterm (15 decks)

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