Week 11

Question 1

concentration normal value

Answer 1

1.010-1.030

Question 2

pH slightly acidic normal

Answer 2

5.5 7.0

Question 3

glucosuria

Answer 3

sugar in urine

Question 4

proteinuria and when does it occur

Answer 4

protein in urine

stress, strenous exercise, disorders of glomeruli

Question 5

blood in urine

Answer 5

Hematuria

Question 6

ketonuria

Answer 6

ketones in the urine

Question 7

less than 100 mL urine

Answer 7

Anuria

Question 8

painful difficult urination

Answer 8

dysuria

Question 9

getting up more than 2 time a night to void

Answer 9

nocturia

Question 10

decreased urine output less than 400 in 24 h

Answer 10

oliguria

Question 11

excessive urine output greater than 1500 mL in 24h

Answer 11

polyuria

Question 12

what is the adequate renal perfusion

Answer 12

an hourly urine ouput of 30 mL h
less than this means kidneys are not getting adequate perfusion
which leads to tissue death

Question 13

urethral blockage

bladder unable to empty properly

Answer 13

overflow incontinence

Question 14

relaxed pelvic floor

increased abdominal pressure

Answer 14

stress incontinance

Question 15

bladder over sensitivity from infection

neurological disorder

Answer 15

urge incontinence

Question 16

How do diuretics help

Answer 16

^ the flow of urine
mainly treat HTN
also treat:
cerebral edema, intracular pressure associated with glacoma, ascites, hypercalemia

Question 17

osmotic diuretic does what

Answer 17

^ the solute load of the glomercuar filtrate
which create osmotic pressure
then water shift to decrease th osmotic pressure
so they prevent reabsorption of water

Question 18

what cause 80% UTIs

Answer 18

escherichia coli

Question 19

What is another name for Urinary anticholinergic medication

Answer 19

urinary antispasmodic acents

Question 20

what are antispasmodic accents/urinary anticholinergic medication used for

Answer 20

treat overactive bladder

Question 21

what is over active bladder

Answer 21

frequency of more than 8 time a day
urgency
incontinence

Question 22

What does Oxybutynin do to the body

Answer 22

blocks the cholinergic receptors of the detrusor muscle of the bladder, causing relaxation

Question 23

what are the problems with Oxybutynins

Answer 23

cholinergic receptors are found throughout the body so many adverse reaction

Question 24

Adverse reactions of Oxybutynins

Answer 24

dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, confusion, sedation