Week 4 Flashcards
What is type 2 diabetes
90% of the diabetic population has it Beta cells fail in productivity so insulin is required Insulin resistant Increase in glucose production by liver Metabolic syndrome
What is type 1 diabetes
Beta cell destruction leading to absolute insulin defiency
Rapid production of symptoms
Little or no insulin secreted from pancrease
Occurs when the immune system attacks the insulin producing beta cells in the pancrease
What is gestational diabetes
Women who show abnormal glucose tolerance during pregnacy
Have normal glucose tolerance after pregnancy
Are at great risk for developing diabetes 5-10 yrs after pregnancy
What 3 factors control diabetes
Food intake
Insulin /oral medication
Excercise
Goal blood glucose level is at
60-120
Works quickly, lasts a short amount of time, suitable for mealtime
Rapid acting insulin
30 min to work and lasts 8 h
Short acting insulin
What insulin takes up to 3 h to take full effect but last 24 h
Intermediate acting
What insulin is 4-6 h after the lower peak w 28 h
Slow or long lacting insulin
What does metformin do
Decrease in hepatic glucose production
Reduce glucose absorption in small intestine
Increase insulin sensitivity
Not used in type 1
Promotes weight loss
What is the use of glyburide
Stimulates release of insulin by the beta cells
Decrease glucose production by liver
May cause hypoglycemia
“Pancrease tickler”
Effective for people who still have some function of the pan crease
Consideration for steroids
Makes s/s of infection invisible
Corticosteroid may precipitate hyperglycemia in the diabetic patient
Monitor k+ level
Increase risk of GI bleeding when used with ASA NSAIDS
Group of diseases characterized by hyperglycemia
Diabetes mellitis
Impairment of insulin secretion
Pathological process
When do you administer insulin
30-60 min before meals even when ill
