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NUR 325 Patho > Week 6/Week7 Meds > Flashcards

Week 6/Week7 Meds Flashcards

1
Q

What are the indications of aspirin

A

prevent/treat MI,
prevent ischemic stroke

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2
Q

Black box warnings for Apixaban (Eliquis) & Rivaroxaban (Xarelto

A

Spinal hematomas if patient has epidural catheter

Risk of thrombosis if drugs ABRUPTLY stopped

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3
Q

Warfarin nursing considerations

A

Monitor and teach signs of bleeding

hold before surgeries

monitor labs

MANY drug interactions

Food interactions

Avoid alcohol

Weat medic alert bracelet, use soft toothbrush,

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4
Q

antidote for Apixaban (Eliquis) & Rivaroxaban (Xarelto

A

andexxa

(recombinant factor Xa, inactivated-zhzo)

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5
Q

Therapeutic use of optic-topical beta blockers

A

Open-angle glaucoma maintenance treatment

If acute-angle closure– need drops asap and other interventions

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6
Q

Indications of oxybutynin

A

overactive bladder, incontinence

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7
Q

Adverse effects of Tamsulosin

A

Well tolerated
Abnormal ejaculation

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8
Q

Route of Clopidogrel & Ticagrelor

A

PO

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9
Q

what are the adverse effects on enoxaparin

A

bleeding
thromboxytopenia
Can also cause HIT

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10
Q

What is aspirin

A

NSAID -
Blocks prostaglandin synthesis through the COX enzyme pathways

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11
Q

Ticagelor Black Box Warning

A

Increased bleeding risk risk with aspirin doses over 100mg

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12
Q

how is protamine given

A

IV
slowly
pushing can drop BP

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13
Q

What is the antidote for Enoxaparin

A

protamine

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14
Q

Conjunctivitis “pink eye” VIRAL TREATMENT

A

Topical steroids provide temporary relief

Antivirals are ineffective

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15
Q

How frequently do we monitor patients on warfarin for therapeutic effect

A

MONTHLY

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16
Q

can you give Apixaban & rivaroxaban in conjunction with other anticoagulants

A

NO

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17
Q

safety issues with sildenafil

A

Do not take if you are taking any nitrates

If you have chest pain or other signs of a heart attack during sex, stop and call 911

Sudden loss of vision in one or both eyes, sudden loss of hearing

No more than once per day

Priapism - erection is painful or lasts more than 4 hours - medical emergency

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18
Q

Indication of Dutasteride (Avodart)

A

Mechanical obstruction of urethra

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19
Q

Argatroban should be cautioned in patients with what

A

hepatic dysfunction

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20
Q

Cautions of sildenafil

A

preexisting CV disease if on nitrate Rx
hypotension

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21
Q

T/F oxybutynin can be in extended release forms

A

TRUE

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22
Q

What can you do in an acute event with aspirin

A

Chew a baby aspirin but cannot be enteric coated

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23
Q

Adverse effects of emollients

A

skin rashes, decreased absorption of vitamins

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24
Q

MOA of Dutasteride

A

Blocks conversion of testosterone to DHT (alpha 1 &2 receptors)
Decreases epithelial tissue in prostate

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25
Q

uses of mineral oil

A

fecal impactions

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26
Q

Uses of stimulant laxatives

A

OTC for constipation or whole bowel evacuation

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27
Q

How laxative treatment is prioritized

A

Individualized by:

Age
Severity
Contributing factors

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28
Q

Adverse effect of dorzolamide

A

Stinging

Bitter taste

Allergic reactions (conjunctiva or lid reactions)

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29
Q

What are laxatives used for

A

treatment of constipation

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30
Q

route of docusate sodium

A

PO

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31
Q

uses of docusate sodium

A

prevent opioid-induced constipation

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32
Q

routes of hydrocortisone

A

PO
IV

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33
Q

Reason for low molecular weight heparin

A

takes large unfractionated heparin moleculaes and cleaves them into smaller fragments and this makes them have greater affinity to factor X-a making them bioavailable and have a longer half life

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34
Q

MOA of Tamsulosin

A

Relaxes smooth muscle cells
Selective for alpha receptors in the prostate

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35
Q

Class for dorzolamide (Trusopt)

A

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor

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36
Q

What do we do for acute angle crisis

A

must treat with surgical intervention

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37
Q

Different groups of diarrheals

A

Adsorbants

Antimotility (anticholinergics and opiates)

Probiotics

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38
Q

Timing of sildenafil

A

up to 4 hours before ssexual activity (onset 30-60 minutes)

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39
Q

Adverse effects of psyllium

A

Impaction above strictures

Fluid/electrolyte imbalance

Gas formation

Esophageal blockage

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40
Q

mirabegron(Myrbetriq) class

A

Antispasmotic (urinary)

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41
Q

What 5 things do we monitor for when giving heparin

A

vital signs,
bruising,
petechiae,
hematomas,
black tarry stools

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42
Q

indications of Warfarin (3)

A

prevention VTE/DVT/PE,

thrombotic events for patients with afib or heart valves,

reduce recurrence of TIA or MI

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43
Q

MOA of bismuth subsalicylate

A

coats the walls of the GI tract

Bind the causative agent for elimination

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44
Q

Conjunctivitis “pink eye” ALLERGIC TREATMENT

A

Artificial tears, topical antihistamines, or steroids

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45
Q

What is the antidote for Aspirin

A

DDAVP (Desmopressin)

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46
Q

what is the 1 mineral corticoid

A

Fludrocortisone (Florinef)

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47
Q

MOA of optic-topical beta blockers

A

Block sympathetic nervous system stimulation of beta receptors

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48
Q

prednisone can be used for

A

COPD
Chronic disease states

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49
Q

How do we dose IV heparin

A

based on clotting time labs

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50
Q

Contraindications of Clopidogrel (Plavix) & Ticagrelor (Brilinta)

A

thrombocytopenia,
active bleeding,
blood cancers,
traumatic injuries,
GI ulcers,
vitamin K deficiency,
recent hemorrhagic stroke

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51
Q

What are anticoagulants

A

Inhibit the action or formation of the clotting factors

PREVENT clots

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52
Q

T/F meds can be injected into the eye for macular degeneration

A

TRUE

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53
Q

Hyperosomtic drugs

A

glycerin

lactulose

polyethylene glycol

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54
Q

T/F Heparin is a HIGH-RISK MED

A

True - must double check with other RN prior to rate changes and boluses

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55
Q

What patients do we use caution when giving Heparin

A

patients with spinal or epidural anesthesia

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56
Q

Drugs used to treat Diarrhea

A

Anti-diarrheals

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57
Q

Hydrocortisone

A

synthetic, identical to cortisol

some Mineral corticoid (MCC) action

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58
Q

action of epinephrine

A

Inhibits release of mediators from mast cells

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59
Q

Major Side/Adverse Effects of Epinephrine

A

CV: Angina, arrhythmias, hypertension, tachycardia

CNS: Nervousness, restlessness, tremor

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60
Q

What is the class for Heparin and LMWH (Enoxaparin)

A

Heparins

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61
Q

MOA for phenazopyridine (Pyridium)

A

dye used in paint, local analgesic action

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62
Q

goal of steroid replacement

A

Mimic physiologic levels

MUST increase dose in times of stress

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63
Q

Adverse effects of saline laxatives

A

Magnesium toxicity
Electrolyte imbalance
Cramping, diarrhea

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64
Q

Dutasteride (Avodart) Class

A

5-α reductase inhibitors

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65
Q

2 Thrombin Inhibitors

A

argatroban
bivalrudin

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66
Q

What does aspirin block

A

Platelet aggregation

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67
Q

Indication of Finasteride (Proscar)

A

Mechanical obstruction of urethra

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68
Q

Steroids can be given for 3 reasons

A

Replacement

Anti-inflammatory

Immunosuppression

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69
Q

What is the onset of warfarin

A

24 hrs

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70
Q

Are labs necessary for Enoxaparin

A

No

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71
Q

Finasteride adverse effects

A

Impotence
Decreased libido (5-10%)
Gynecomastia

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72
Q

nursing considerations for aspirin

A

Don’t crush enteric coated

OTC medication considerations

Reye’s syndrome: children with a virus NO ASPIRIN

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73
Q

class of Oxybutynin (Oxytrol)

A

anti-cholinergic

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74
Q

Nursing implications for epi dosing

A

Correct dose is crucial
Overdose can be FATAL
Have coworker recheck dose
For subcu use – use TB syringe

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75
Q

MOA of antimotility drugs

A

Slow peristalsis
Drying effect*

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76
Q

Therapeutic use for phenazopyridine

A

relief of pain due to UTI

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77
Q

Route of Heparin

A

Only given parental (IV or SQ)

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78
Q

what does aspirin prevent

A

platelets from clumping together

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79
Q

what patients do we use caution when giving enoxaparin

A

patients with spinal or epidural anesthesia

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80
Q

what is the anti-dote for Heparin

A

Protamine Sulfate

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81
Q

Normal INR value without warfarin

A

about 1

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82
Q

Dosage of Epinephrine

A

Adults: 0.2 to 1 mg
Peds: 0.01/mg/kg

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83
Q

Side/Adverse Effects of phenazopyridine

A

Well tolerated
REDDISH-ORANGE URINE

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84
Q

Therapeutic value with warfarin

A

2-3.5

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85
Q

what protocol is heparin given

A

weight-based in kg

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86
Q

Adverse reactions of mirabegron(Myrbetriq)

A

HTN*
Urinary retention
UTI
Headache

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87
Q

Characteristics for Fludrocortisone (Florinef)

A

Only mineralocorticoid replacement
May be needed with GCC replacement
Salt wasting (inability to maintain Na+ levels, K+ levels high despite adequate renal function)

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88
Q

Class of Sildenafil (Viagra)

A

PDE-5 Inhibitors

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89
Q

5 Nursing considerations for Enoxaparin

A

Don’t give with really any other anticoagulants except oral warfarin when treating PE or DVT

Given in pre-filled syringes easy to administer and teach to give at home

Do not expel the air bubble: will remain in plunger to ensure whole dose is given

Slower onset of action
compared to heparin but LONGER half-life

Rotate injection sites

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90
Q

Side effects of Clopidogrel & Ticagrelor

A

chest pain,
edema,
flu-like symptoms,
abdominal pain,
diarrhea,
nausea,
epistaxis,
rash,pruritus

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91
Q

What do we monitor for in Epinephrine

A

Vital signs closely!

Status for reversal of symptoms

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92
Q

What are the 2 types of coagulation drugs

A

Anticoagulants

Anti platelet

93
Q

S/E of Aspirin

A

GI (n/v),
drowsiness/confusion,
bleeding

94
Q

Indications of Apixaban (Eliquis) & Rivaroxaban (Xarelto

A

prevent strokes in patients with afib,
post-op thrombo-prophylaxis, treat DVT & PE

95
Q

MOA of warfarin

A

Vitamin-K inhibitor
-prevents the synthesis of four coagulation factors (VII, IX, X, prothrombin)

96
Q

What is Jalyn

A

Prototype: dutasteride and tansulosin

FDA approved for BPH

97
Q

What foods should be monitored when taking warfarin

A

Avoid foods High in Vitamin K

green, leafy vegetables

98
Q

Indication of brimonidine

A

Used for open-angle glaucoma and increased intraocular pressure

99
Q

Indications for Heparin

A

conditions necessitating PROMPT anticoagulant activity

100
Q

Epinephrine routes

A

All except PO

SQ preferred

101
Q

Nursing implications for corticosteroid use

A

DO NOT ABRUPTLY STOP TAKING
Steroid taper
Tell patients to take at the same time throughout the day
Especially with long-term use
Wear a medical-alert bracelet with long-term use
Monitor weight & blood sugar

102
Q

What is the MOA of Enoxaparin or Low molecular weight heparin

A

Prevents clotting by activating ANTITHROMBIN

ONLY inactivates factor Xa (not thrombin)

103
Q

What are antiplatelets

A

Prevent platelet plugs from forming by inhibiting platelet aggregation

Best for preventing heart attacks and stroke

104
Q

Treatment options of hypersensitivity include

A

Immunosuppressants
Antihistamines
Epinephrine

105
Q

Route of aspirin

A

PO

106
Q

MOA of latanoprost

A

increases outflow drainage of aqueous humor

107
Q

What is Enoxaparin (Lovenox)

A

Low-molecular weight heparin

108
Q

Antidote of warfarin

A

Vitamin K (IV)

If that doesn’t work
Fresh frozen plasma or whole blood

109
Q

What are the nursing consideratoins for Heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)

A

Monitor platelet counts

Stop heparin immediately if platelet count <100,000/mm3

Non-heparin anticoagulants can be used as substitute if anticoagulation still needed

110
Q

What is the antimotility drugs

A

loperamide (Imodium)

diphenoxylate [atropine] (Lomotil)

111
Q

route of antidiarrheals

A

oral

112
Q

indications of argatroban and bivalrudin

A

treat HIT, and for patients undergoing procedures (PCI) who are at high risk for HIT

113
Q

Conjunctivitis “pink eye” BACTERIAL TREATMENT

A

Usually self-limiting
Antibiotic drops can shorten the course

114
Q

Signs of internal bleeding

A

tachycardia
skin pallor
low BP
respiration Increasing

115
Q

What are the 3 glucocorticoids

A

Hydrocortisone
Prednisone
Dexamethasone

116
Q

Can you give Enoxaparin and heparin together

A

No

117
Q

type of sodium salt

A

fleet enema

118
Q

treatment of BPH

A

Mild symptoms = watchful waiting
Moderate symptoms = drug therapy
5-alpha reductase inhibitors
Alpha1-adrenergic antagonists
Severe symptoms = invasive options

119
Q

indication for latanoprost

A

open-angle glaucoma

ocular hypertension

120
Q

T/F psullium is OK for long term use

A

TRUE

121
Q

adverse effects of latanoprost

A

Well-tolerated

122
Q

route of mineral oil

A

PO
PR

123
Q

2 Type of stimulant laxative

A

bisacodyl (Ducolax)

senna (Senokot)

124
Q

T/F Antimotility drugs can be Used alone or in combination with adsorbants and opiates

A

TRUE

125
Q

Long-term side effects of corticosteroid use

A

If a patient takes steroids for long-term (months to years)

Clouded eye lens (cataracts)

High blood sugar worsening
or developing diabetes

Increased risk of infections (remember WBC suppression)

Thinning bones (osteoporosis) & fractures

Suppressed adrenal gland hormone production

Fatigue, loss of appetite, nausea, muscle weakness

Think skin, bruising, slow wound healing

126
Q

Can you give warfarin to pregnant women or breastfeeding

A

NO

127
Q

route of senna

A

PO

128
Q

What Labs do we monitor for Warfarin

A

PT- prothrombin time
INR- International normalize ratio

129
Q

Drug interactions with Apixaban (Eliquis) & Rivaroxaban (Xarelto

A

Decreased effects: phenytoin, carbamazepine, rifampin, and st. johns wort

Increased effects: CYP3A4 inhibitors (amiodarone, erythromycin, ketonazole, HIV meds, diltiazem, verapamil, grapefruit juice)

130
Q

Urinary tract analgesic med

A

phenazopyridine (Pyridium)

131
Q

What 3 things do nurses want to monitor for bleeding

A

Hemoglobin
hematocrit
Vital Signs

132
Q

Adverse Effects (Bismuth subsalicylate)

A

Increased bleeding time

Constipation

Dark stools and darkening of tongue

133
Q

Medication used in the treatment of C-Diff

A

Saccharomyces boulardii (Florastor)

134
Q

What drug characteristics do we look for when treating galucoma

A

Drugs that DECREASE aqueous humor production
INCREASE aqueous humor drainage
Or both

135
Q

route of Warfarin

A

only given PO, Once daily

136
Q

most common antibiotics used for lower UTIs

A

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim)
First-line
Don’t give with sulfa allergies

Ciprofloxacin (For sulfa allergies)
Nitrofurantoin

(Macrodanti/Macrobid)
For recurring lower UTIs

137
Q

3 types of magnesium salts

A

magnesium citrate (Citroma)

magnesium hydroxide (Phillips Milk of Magnesia)

magnesium sulfate (epsom salts)

138
Q

MOA of brimonidine

A

decreases AH production, may increase drainage/outflow

139
Q

contraindications for Topical optic beta blockers

A

Same as oral beta-blockers (non-selective versus beta 1)

140
Q

What scenarios would we give steroids

A

Allergies
Dose and route depends upon severity

Asthma
Inhaled steroids

COPD exacerbation
IV transitioned to po

Chronic inflammatory bowel disease

Rheumatic disorders

Post-transplant
Frequently weaned off if no rejection episodes

141
Q

SIDE NOTES for Finasteride

A

Decreases prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels
Used for male-pattern baldness

Caution in Handling

142
Q

MOA of mineral oil

A

lubricate intestines

143
Q

MOA of heparin

A

Prevents clotting by activating ANTITHROMBIN -> indirectly inactivates thrombin & factor Xa

Inhibits FIBRIN formation

144
Q

MOA of docusate sodium

A

lubricates fecal material and walls, promotes fat absorption into fecal mass

145
Q

hydorcortisone dosing

A

low dose- minimal to no adverse effects

Large dose- toxic

146
Q

What labs do we monitor with Direct thrombin inhibitors

A

Anti-Xa
H&H
platelets

147
Q

what do emollients prevent

A

water from moving out of intestines

148
Q

adverse effects of oxybutynin

A

dry mouth,
constipation

149
Q

What route is Enoxaparin available

A

SQ injectable

150
Q

what does epinephrine do

A

halts mediator activity

151
Q

What amount and frequency can Heparin be given

A

5000u injection 2-3x a day or as an IV drip with a bolus

152
Q

Mineralocorticoids

A

Once per day dosing

Frequently do not need to replace

153
Q

when does SQ heparin start working

A

20-30 minutes

154
Q

2 Optic-Topical Beta-Blockers

A

timolol - nonselective

betaxolol - B1 receptor

155
Q

Class of brimonidine (Alphagan)

A

alpha-adrenergic agonist

156
Q

contraindications for aspirin

A

thrombocytopenia,
active bleeding,
blood cancers,
traumatic injuries,
GI ulcers,
vitamin K deficiency,
recent hemorrhagic stroke

157
Q

adverse effects of antimotility drugs

A

Urinary retention
Headache
dizziness
anxiety
drowsiness
Bradycardia
hypotension
Dry skin
Flushing

158
Q

Cautions with optic topical agents

A

Keep them localized

use nasolacrimal pressure with instillation (prevents systemic effects)

hold pressure for 2 minutes

159
Q

route of argatroban and bivalrudin

A

IV only

160
Q

MOA of saline laxatives

A

increase osmotic pressure and draw water into colon

161
Q

Finasteride MOA

A

Blocks conversion of testosterone to DHT (alpha 1 receptors)
Decreases epithelial tissue in prostate

162
Q

Adverse Effects of stimulant laxatives

A

Nutrient malabsorption

Gastric irritation

Electrolyte imbalance

163
Q

how does Jalyn work

A

Combining a 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor with an alpha blocker is superior to either agent alone

164
Q

indication of tamsulosin

A

Dynamic obstruction of urethra

165
Q

What reduces the effectiveness of Clopidogrel

A

amiodarone,
calcium channel blockers, NSAIDS,
PPIs

166
Q

Examples of when to give Heparin (4)

A

Evolving stroke, PE, massive DVT

Adjunct for patients having open heart surgery or dialysis

Low-dose therapy for prophylaxis against post-op DVT

Treat disseminated intravascular coagulation

167
Q

epinephrine class

A

Vasopressor, bronchodilator, antiasthmatic, vasoconstrictor

168
Q

characteristics of bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol)

A

form of asprin

contains activated charcoal

169
Q

Bulk-forming medication

A

psyllium (Metamucil)

170
Q

MOA of probiotics

A

Replenish these bacteria and restore normal flora

171
Q

When Does IV heparin start working

A

Immediately

172
Q

Acute Side effects of glucocorticoid replacement

A

Increased intraocular pressure problem for people with eye diseases like glaucoma
Fluid retention
High blood pressure
Mood swings
Weight gain- fat deposits in abdomen, face, and back of neck (centralized)
Hunger

173
Q

patient teaching for Topical optic beta blockers

A

Must take– otherwise will progress to blindness

Apply nasolacrimal pressure with instillation

174
Q

Drug name for adsorbent drug

A

bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol)

175
Q

uses of hyperosomtic drugs

A

Evacuate bowels before diagnostics and surgical procedures

176
Q

what does ANTIHISTAMINES do

A

Suppress histamine mediator activity

177
Q

Do you have to routine monitor Apixaban (Eliquis) & Rivaroxaban (Xarelto

A

NO

178
Q

what is the duration of warfarin

A

2-5 days

179
Q

What is Heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)

A

Low platelet count and increased development of thrombi

caused by antibody development

180
Q

adverse effects of sildenafil

A

most common HA (16%)
flushing (10%)
dyspepsia (7%)

181
Q

Adverse effects of Warfarin

A

bleeding
lethargy
muscle pain
purple toes

182
Q

class of argatroban and bivalrudin

A

Direct Thrombin Inhibitors

183
Q

Adverse effects of Apixaban (Eliquis) & Rivaroxaban (Xarelto

A

bleeding,
hematoma,
dizziness,
rash,
gastrointestinal distress, peripheral edema

184
Q

Clopidogrel Black Box Warning

A

patients with certain genetic abnormalities, who may have higher rate of CV events due to reduced conversion to its active metabolite

185
Q

indication of epinephrine

A

Severe allergic reactions,
cardiac arrest,
severe asthmatic attack

186
Q

Finasteride (Proscar) CLASS

A

5--reductase inhibitors

187
Q

What is the biggest concern in anti-coagulant medications

A

most common S/E is bleeding

188
Q

MOA of mirabegron(Myrbetriq)

A

selectively stimulates beta-3 adrenergic receptors, relaxing bladder smooth muscle

189
Q

Adverse effects of brimonidine

A

Burning/stinging

Dry mouth

Fatigue,

H/A,

blurred vision,

hypotension

190
Q

treatment of hordeolum

A

warm compresses 3-4 times a day

191
Q

MOA of Apixaban (Eliquis) & Rivaroxaban (Xarelto

A

Direct inhibitor of factor Xa

192
Q

adverse effects of hyperosomtic drugs (3)

A

Abdominal bloating

Rectal irritation

Electrolyte imbalance

193
Q

Adverse effects of Topical optic beta blockers

A

Transient burning & discomfort

If allowed to go systemic- can have systemic effects

194
Q

What are the indications for Enoxaparin

A

given prophylaxis & treatment

195
Q

Antidote for Clopidogrel & Ticagrelor

A

DDAVP or platelet transfusion

196
Q

what is the black box warning for Enoxaparin

A

potential spinal hematoma if patient has epidural catheter

197
Q

MOA of psyllium

A

Act similar to dietary fiber

Absorb water into the intestine, increasing bulk

Distends bowel to initiate reflex bowel activity and bowel movement

198
Q

Conjunctivitis “pink eye” CHLAMYDIA TREATMENT

A

Oral antibiotics, however, some infections resistant

199
Q

What do Immunosuppressants (including corticosteroids)
do

A

Suppresses cell-mediated immunity

Antiinflammatory

200
Q

Use of dozolamide

A

2nd line treatment for open-angle and increased IOP

201
Q

what 2 considerations should nurses know about their patient on anti-coagulant medications

A

Know why your patient is on an anti-coagulant

know what sites they may be at risk for bleeding

202
Q

MOA of oxybutynin

A

block the action of acetylcholine
Acetylcholine activates smooth muscle contractions

203
Q

MOA of hyperosomtic drugs

A

Increasing water content in feces

Promotes distention, peristalsis, and evacuation

204
Q

Class of latanoprost (Xalatan)

A

Prostaglandin Analogs

205
Q

What is the advantage of Enoxaparin

A

can be given at home

206
Q

Glucocorticoids (non-endocrine disorders)

A

Alternate-day therapy
Before 9 am
‘Mimics’ glucocorticoid burst by adrenals at dawn
Traditional dosing multiple, small doses

207
Q

What is the first sign of fluid volume deficit ?

A

tachycardia

208
Q

Adverse effects of Heparin (4)

A

bleeding
hematoma
anemia
thrombocytopenia

209
Q

home use of Epi

A

Teach: take EXACTLY as directed

Contact clinician directly after taking!

210
Q

2 types of antiplatelet drugs

A 
Aspirin 
Clopidogrel (plavix)
211
Q

route of bisacodyl

A

PO
PR

212
Q

MOA of Clopidogrel (Plavix) & Ticagrelor (Brilinta)

A

Antiplatelet ADP inhibitor

Alters the platelet membrane so it doesn’t receive the signal to aggregate

213
Q

T/F Bruising can be a late sign of internal bleeding?

A

True

214
Q

Adverse effects of argatroban and bivalrudin

A

bleeding

215
Q

Indications of Clopidogrel (Plavix) & Ticagrelor (Brilinta)

A

reduce risk of stroke, prophylaxis of TIAs,
post-MI

216
Q

How is epinephrine supplied

A

1 mg in 1 mL vial (1:1000) concentration

217
Q

Tamsulosin (Flomax) class

A

Alpha1-Adrenergic Antagonists

218
Q

indications of sildenafil

A

Relief of ED
Pulmonary arterial hypertension
BPH

219
Q

MOA of sildenafil

A

Inhibits PDE5
Increases and preserves cGMP levels
Only enhances the normal response to sexual stimuli

220
Q

2 Types of Saline salts

A

Magnesium salts
sodium salts

221
Q

Different groups of laxatives (5)

A

Bulk-forming
Emollient
Hyperosmotic
Saline
Stimulant

222
Q

MOA of Direct Thrombin Inhibitors

A

Inhibit thrombin (factor IIa)

223
Q

what should you no do with hordeolum

A

Do not squeeze or pop the sty, can spread the infection

224
Q

MOA of dozolamide

A

decreased production of aqueous humor

225
Q

dexamethasone can be used to test what

A

adrenal function

226
Q

Adverse Effects of Dutasteride

A

Similar to finasteride

227
Q

What organ function and levels do we need to monitor with Apixaban & rivaroxaban

A

Liver function

ALT
AST
GGT

228
Q

What 2 labs do we monitor with Heparin

A

Anti-Xa OR aPTT (activated partial thromboplastin time)

229
Q

Emollient medications

A

docusate sodium (Colace)

mineral oil

NUR 325 Patho (18 decks)

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