Venous Thromboembolism & DVT Flashcards
what is a thrombus
Blood clot that remains attached to a vessel wall
what is a thrombus called when it is detached
thromboembolus
where is a thrombus more common
veins due to flow and pressu
DVT occurs where
occurring in the lower extremities venous system
Three factors that promote the formation of a venous thrombosis:
Venous stasis
Venous endothelial damage
Hypercoagulable states
what is venous statsis
slow flow in venous system
old age
immomility
heart failure
venous endothelial damage
trauma
surgery
iv med
hypercoagulable states
inherit clotting maligancy pregnant oral contraceptives genetic factors
where do clots normally form
venous valves
What is the Triad of Virchow
factors the promote venous clots
High risk of triad of virchow
ortho surgeries,
spinal cord injuries, obstetric/gynecologic conditions
What happens when there is inflammation around the thrombus
promotes INAPPROPRIATE platelet aggregation and the thrombus grows
This causes the pain and redness associated with a DVT
However! There can be NO symptoms
What happens if thrombus obstructs venous blood flow
pressure can build and cause edema of extremity
What are the risk factors for VTE/DVT
Clotting disorder Immobility injury/surgery pregnancy Oral contraceptives/hormone replacement therapy overweight/obese smoking cancer/chemo heart failure inflammatory bowel disease - crohn's, ulcerative colitis Hx of DVT or Family Hx Age > 60 Varicose veins/ spider veins
Complications of VTE/PE
Most serious:
pulmonary embolism (PE)
Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension
Post-thrombotic syndrome
Phlegmesia cerula dolens (painful blue inflammation
