Blood Cell Components Flashcards
Erythrocytes normal count
4.2-6.2 million erythrocytes/mm3
primary responsibility for erythrocyctes
Tissue oxygenation
Difference in RBC among men and women %
men 48%
women 42%
5 kinds of Leukocytes
neutrophils lymphocyctes monocytes eosinophils basophils
what are the 2 categories of leukocytes
granulocytes
aranulocyctes
3 kinds of granulocytes
neutrophils (50-67%)
eosinophils 0-3%
basophils 0-2%
2 kinds of aranulocytes
lymphocytes 24-40%
monocytes/macrophages 4-9%
4 characteristics of neutrophils
First to arrive at site of inflammation
Bands andsegs
Increase with acute bacterial infections and trauma
Shift to the left (increase of bands)
2 characteristics of lymphocyctes
Primary cells of immune response
Increase with chronic bacterial infection and acute viralinfection
2 characteristics of monocytes
Phagocytosis
Increase with bacterial infections & cancers
2 characteristics of Eosinophils
Increase with allergic reactions or parasiticinfections
Worms, wheezes, and weird diseases
Basophils characteristics
Increase with allergic reactions (hypersensitivities, inflammatory reactions)
What is hemoglobin Hgb
Measures amount of hemoglobin in your blood (oxygen carrying capacity
normals for Hgb
Men 13.5-17.5g/dL
Women 12-15.5 g/dL
cause for low Hgb
bleeding, folate/B12 deficiencies, cancers, kidney & liver disease
cause for high Hgb
polycythemia, COPD, high altitude, heavy smoking
What is Hematocrit Hct
Percentage of blood that is made up of packed red blood cells (RBCs
Interpreted in percentages
A hematocrit of 40% indicates that there are 40mL of packed RBCs in 100ml of blood
Hct normal levels
Male: 41-50%
Female: 36-44%
low Hct
anemia, bleeding, bleeding disorders, FLUID IMBALANCES
high Hct
polycythemia, COPD, dehydration, shock, congenital heard disease
red cell count
- # of erythrocytes in the blood
mean corpuscle volumve MCV
size of erythrocytes
Mean corpuscle hemoglobin (MCH
amount of hemoglobin in erythrocyte by weight
WBC Total Count
5,000-10,000/mm3 Increased= leukocytosis Decreased= leukopenia Decreased neutrophils= neutropenia Total counts degree of response to a pathological process
Complete blood count = CBC
WBC Platelet RBC Hct Hb
WBC with Diff
2 Components
Total number of WBC’s in mm3
Is an absolute number (XXX thousand WBC/mm3)
Determination of the proportion of each of the 5 WBC’s in a sample of 100 WBC’s
Is a percentage in the sample of 100
CBC WITH DIFF INTERPRETATION
An increased % in one type means a decrease in % of another type
Neutropenia =
low neutrophil caount
< 1000/mm3
when does neutopenia mostly occur
in cancer patients as result of disease or treatment
What does neutropenia make someone susceptible to
bacterial infection
4 precautions for neutropenic
Good hygiene
Avoid contact with people who are sick
Avoid raw fruits, vegetables, grains
Keep door closed
Leukopenia Pharmacologic Treatment
Hematopoietic agents (HA)
Class- Granulocyte Colony stimulating factors (G-CSF)
Medication- Filgrastim (Neupogen) - leukopoietic growth factor produced by recombinant DNA technology
MOA of Filgrastim
promotes proliferation, differentiation, activation of cells that make granulocytes
Indications of Filgrastim
malignancies, chemo-induced leukopenia, bone marrow transplant, harvesting of hematopoietic stem cells, chronic neutropenia
Routes of filgrastim
IV,SQ
Adverse effects of filgrastim
bone pain, leukocytosis
Pegfilgrastim (Neulasta)
long acting derivative of filgrastim
MOA of Pegfilgrastim
increased production of neutrophils
route of Pegfilgrastim
SQ
A/E of Pegfilgrastim
bone pain
half life for Pegfilgrastim
17 hours
T/F Pegfilgrastim can cause peglyated and what does that mean?
True, delayed excretion by the kidneys
