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NUR 325 Patho > Blood Cell Components > Flashcards

Blood Cell Components Flashcards

1
Q

Erythrocytes normal count

A

4.2-6.2 million erythrocytes/mm3

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2
Q

primary responsibility for erythrocyctes

A

Tissue oxygenation

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3
Q

Difference in RBC among men and women %

A

men 48%

women 42%

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4
Q

5 kinds of Leukocytes

A 
neutrophils
lymphocyctes
monocytes
eosinophils
basophils
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5
Q

what are the 2 categories of leukocytes

A

granulocytes

aranulocyctes

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6
Q

3 kinds of granulocytes

A

neutrophils (50-67%)
eosinophils 0-3%
basophils 0-2%

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7
Q

2 kinds of aranulocytes

A

lymphocytes 24-40%

monocytes/macrophages 4-9%

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8
Q

4 characteristics of neutrophils

A

First to arrive at site of inflammation​
Bands andsegs​
Increase with acute bacterial infections and trauma​
Shift to the left (increase of bands)​

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9
Q

2 characteristics of lymphocyctes

A

Primary cells of immune response​

Increase with chronic bacterial infection and acute viralinfection​

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10
Q

2 characteristics of monocytes

A

Phagocytosis​

Increase with bacterial infections & cancers

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11
Q

2 characteristics of Eosinophils

A

Increase with allergic reactions or parasiticinfections​

Worms, wheezes, and weird diseases

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12
Q

Basophils​ characteristics

A

Increase with allergic reactions (hypersensitivities, inflammatory reactions)

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13
Q

What is hemoglobin Hgb

A

Measures amount of hemoglobin in your blood (oxygen carrying capacity

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14
Q

normals for Hgb

A

Men 13.5-17.5g/dL

Women 12-15.5 g/dL

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15
Q

cause for low Hgb

A

bleeding, folate/B12 deficiencies, cancers, kidney & liver disease

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16
Q

cause for high Hgb

A

polycythemia, COPD, high altitude, heavy smoking

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17
Q

What is Hematocrit Hct

A

Percentage of blood that is made up of packed red blood cells (RBCs
Interpreted in percentages
A hematocrit of 40% indicates that there are 40mL of packed RBCs in 100ml of blood

18
Q

Hct normal levels

A

Male: 41-50%
Female: 36-44%

19
Q

low Hct

A

anemia, bleeding, bleeding disorders, FLUID IMBALANCES

20
Q

high Hct

A

polycythemia, COPD, dehydration, shock, congenital heard disease

21
Q

red cell count

A
  • # of erythrocytes in the blood
22
Q

mean corpuscle volumve MCV

A

size of erythrocytes

23
Q

Mean corpuscle hemoglobin (MCH

A

amount of hemoglobin in erythrocyte by weight

24
Q

WBC Total Count

A 
5,000-10,000/mm3
Increased= leukocytosis 
Decreased= leukopenia
Decreased neutrophils= neutropenia 
Total counts degree of response to a pathological process
25
Q

Complete blood count = CBC

A 
WBC
Platelet
RBC
Hct
Hb
26
Q

WBC with Diff

A

2 Components
Total number of WBC’s in mm3
Is an absolute number (XXX thousand WBC/mm3)
Determination of the proportion of each of the 5 WBC’s in a sample of 100 WBC’s
Is a percentage in the sample of 100

27
Q

CBC WITH DIFF INTERPRETATION

A

An increased % in one type means a decrease in % of another type

28
Q

Neutropenia =

A

low neutrophil caount

< 1000/mm3

29
Q

when does neutopenia mostly occur

A

in cancer patients as result of disease or treatment

30
Q

What does neutropenia make someone susceptible to

A

bacterial infection

31
Q

4 precautions for neutropenic

A

Good hygiene
Avoid contact with people who are sick
Avoid raw fruits, vegetables, grains
Keep door closed

32
Q

Leukopenia Pharmacologic Treatment

Hematopoietic agents (HA)

A

Class- Granulocyte Colony stimulating factors (G-CSF)

Medication- Filgrastim (Neupogen) - leukopoietic growth factor produced by recombinant DNA technology

33
Q

MOA of Filgrastim

A

promotes proliferation, differentiation, activation of cells that make granulocytes

34
Q

Indications of Filgrastim

A 
malignancies, 
chemo-induced leukopenia, 
bone marrow transplant, 
harvesting of hematopoietic stem cells, 
chronic neutropenia
35
Q

Routes of filgrastim

A

IV,SQ

36
Q

Adverse effects of filgrastim

A

bone pain, leukocytosis

37
Q

Pegfilgrastim (Neulasta)

A

long acting derivative of filgrastim

38
Q

MOA of Pegfilgrastim

A

increased production of neutrophils

39
Q

route of Pegfilgrastim

A

SQ

40
Q

A/E of Pegfilgrastim

A

bone pain

41
Q

half life for Pegfilgrastim

A

17 hours

42
Q

T/F Pegfilgrastim can cause peglyated and what does that mean?

A

True, delayed excretion by the kidneys

NUR 325 Patho (18 decks)

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