Week 6 Slides- Larynx and Ear.

Question 1

The main laryngeal changes occur in ______.

Answer 1

Adulthood.

Question 2

In adulthood, what happens to the cricoid?

Answer 2

It lowers.

Question 3

What happens to the cartilages of the larynx often in adulthood?

Answer 3

They ossify and calcify.

Question 4

in adulthood the _____ movements reduce.

Answer 4

Arytenoid.

Question 5

Changes in the larynx tend to happen to males _____ than females.

Answer 5

Earlier.

Question 6

What does puberty affect in terms of the larynx?

Answer 6

The thyroid becomes larger in males and the vocal folds become longer and thicker in males. Eg. Voice settles at lower pitch.

Question 7

In what sex do all edges of the vocal folds adduct?

Answer 7

Male.

Question 8

In young females the glottis remains partially _____ when it adducts.

Answer 8

Open.

Question 9

What do you call it when the larynx is swollen?

Answer 9

Laryngitis.

Question 10

What vocal misuse lead to in teachers and singers?

Answer 10

Nodes.

Question 11

A growth on the larynx is called laryngeal ______.

Answer 11

Cancer.

Question 12

Having a problem with nerve innervation can cause vocal fold _____.

Answer 12

Spasm.

Question 13

Where does the ear sit?

Answer 13

The ear sits within the temporal bone.

Question 14

The ear is a vital part of the ______ chain.

Answer 14

Speech.

Question 15

The ear plays an in important in the ______ part of the speech chain.

Answer 15

Perception.

Question 16

What are the 3 main parts of the ear?

Answer 16

Outer Ear
Middle Ear
Inner Ear

Question 17

What is the outer most part of the outer ear called?

Answer 17

The Pinna (or auricle).

Question 18

The outer ear works as a ______/_______.

Answer 18

Transmitter/Receiver.

Question 19

Where does the pinna lead to?

Answer 19

To the external auditory meatus.

Question 20

What is the other term for the ear canal?

Answer 20

The External Auditory Meatus.

Question 21

Name the functions of The External Auditory Meatus.

Answer 21

• Filters out any dust.

- Amplifies sound waves.

Question 22

What does the External Auditory Meatus contain?

Answer 22

Glands which produce wax.

Question 23

What is the external auditory meatus surrounded by?

Answer 23

Cartilage initially then bone.

Question 24

What does the external auditory meatus conduct?

Answer 24

It conducts sound energy.

Question 25

Name the tube like structure that contains wax, is roughly 2 1/2 cm long and is slightly curved and goes upwards.

Answer 25

The External Auditory Meatus.

Question 26

What does the wax in the external auditory meatus do?

Answer 26

Traps dust.

Question 27

What is at the boundary between the outer ear and the middle ear?

Answer 27

The tympanic membrane (ear drum).

Question 28

The outer ear ends at the _____ membrane.

Answer 28

Tympanic.

Question 29

What is the tympanic membrane more commonly known as?

Answer 29

The Ear drum.

Question 30

The tympanic membrane is very ______.

Answer 30

Thin.

Question 31

The ear drum is made up of a layer of _____, layer of ________ membrane and layer of ______ tissue.

Answer 31

Skin, mucous, fibrous.

Question 32

The tympanic membrane is made up of different ______.

Answer 32

Layers.

Question 33

How does the tympanic membrane respond to a low frequency sound?

Answer 33

All of the tympanic membrane (ear drum) vibrates.

Question 34

Air particles cause a series of _____ on the _______ _________.

Answer 34

Vibrations, Tympanic Membrane.

Question 35

What part of the ear is sometimes referred to as the tympanic cavity?

Answer 35

The middle ear.

Question 36

What is the tube like structure in the middle ear called?

Answer 36

The auditory tube.

Question 37

Where does the auditory tube lead to?

Answer 37

The Nasopharynx.

Question 38

The auditory tube is found behind the ______ ________.

Answer 38

Tympanic Membrane.

Question 39

What structure allows the channel air between the middle ear and the nasopharynx?

Answer 39

Auditory Tube.

Question 40

The auditory tube is an air-filled ______.

Answer 40

Cavity.

Question 41

The middle ear contains some small bones, what are these known as?

Answer 41

Ossicles.

Question 42

How many ossicles does the middle ear contain?

Answer 42

3.

Question 43

Name the 3 ossicles of the middle ear.

Answer 43

- Malleus - Incus - Stapes

Question 44

The ossicles connect to the ______ ____.

Answer 44

Ear drum.

Question 45

What are the ossicles stabilized by?

Answer 45

Ligaments.

Question 46

The ossicles can act as a bridge from ___ movement to _____ movement.

Answer 46

Air, Fluid.

Question 47

The ossicles can act as a ____.

Answer 47

Lever.

Question 48

Can the Ossicles move?

Answer 48

Yes.

Question 49

What do the movements of the ossicles do?

Answer 49

They increase the vibrations.

Question 50

If a sound is too loud, how can we stop vibration in the middle ear?

Answer 50

Through the muscles in the middle ear.

Question 51

What is the role of the ossicles in the middle ear?

Answer 51

-To amplify sound waves by increasing vibrations Or -To reduce the sound waves by reducing vibrations (Reduced movement of the ossicles)

Question 52

Name the 2 muscles that the middle ear contains.

Answer 52

- Tensor Tympani | - Stapedius

Question 53

What do the muscles in the middle ear do?

Answer 53

Reduce Vibration.

Question 54

What muscles helps so we don't here full noise when we are chewing?

Answer 54

Tensor Tympani

Question 55

What are the tensor tympani and stapedius muscles involved in to reduce vibration?

Answer 55

They stabilise the ossicles in order to reduce the movement/vibration of the ossicles.

Question 56

If there is a really loud sound, what will happen?

Answer 56

The acoustic reflex will kick in and stop amplification.

Question 57

What does the Stapes connect up to?

Answer 57

The Oval Window.

Question 58

What is the bony labyrinth part of the ear?

Answer 58

The inner ear :)

Question 59

Name the 3 main parts of the inner ear.

Answer 59

The oval window Cochlear Semi-circular canals

Question 60

What do the semi-circular canals contain?

Answer 60

- Hair cells | - Fluid.

Question 61

What is the role of the Semi-Circular canal?

Answer 61

It signals Head Movement.

Question 62

What structure in the inner ear sends information back to the brain about head movement?

Answer 62

Semi-Circular Canals.

Question 63

When the oral window vibrates, what does this disturb?

Answer 63

It disturbs the fluid within the cochlea.

Question 64

When the fluid is disturbed in the Cochlea, what does this result in?

Answer 64

This results in a series of vibrations of the floor of the cochlea.

Question 65

What is the floor of the cochlea called?

Answer 65

Basilar Membrane.

Question 66

What does the Basilar Membrane (of the cochlea) attach to?

Answer 66

It attaches to Organ of Corti.

Question 67

What is Organ of Corti?

Answer 67

Rows of hair cells.

Question 68

From the Organ of Corti, the sound wave is then transformed into a _____ and goes along the ______ nerve.

Answer 68

Nerve, Auditory.