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Specialised Anatomy for SLT > Week 10 > Flashcards

Week 10 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the protective layerings of the brain collectively known as?

A

The meninges.

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2
Q

What are the meninges?

A

Nonneural layers of tissue that protect the brain.

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3
Q

Name the 3 layers of the meninges.

A

Dura Mater
Arachnoid Mater
Pia Mater

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4
Q

Where are the meninges located?

A

Between the skull and grey mater.

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5
Q

What meningeal layer has 2 layers of tissue? Name these.

A

Dura Mater.

Periosteal Layer and Meningeal Layer.

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6
Q

What is the outer meningeal layer?

A

Dura Mater.

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7
Q

What meningeal layer is called “tough mother”?

A

2 layers of tissue.

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8
Q

What is the role of the dura mater?

A

It holds in the cerebrospinal fluid and protects the CNS.

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9
Q

What layer if the dura mater is closest to the skull?

A

Periosteal Layer.

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10
Q

What layer of the dura mater is closest to the arachnoid mater?

A

Meningeal Layer.

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11
Q

The ______ mater is a ____ membrane underside of dura mater.

A

Arachnoid, thin.

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12
Q

What is the space between the arachnoid and pia mater known as?

A

The sub-arachnoid space (chamber).

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13
Q

There is also fluid in the ____________ space.

A

Sub-Arachnoid.

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14
Q

What is the inner most meningeal layer known as?

A

The Pia Mater.

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15
Q

The Pia Mater is an extremely ____ membrane.

A

Thin.

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16
Q

What is the pia mater close to?

A

The cerebral cortex.

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17
Q

The _____ mater is tightly aligned to the cerebral cortex.

A

Pia.

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18
Q

What are chambers in the brain called?

A

Ventricles.

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19
Q

What does the subarachnoid chamber/space contain?

A

Cerebrospinal fluid.

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20
Q

What is CSF?

A

Cerebrospinal Fluid.

A protective fluid that’s produced, circulated and delivered back via ventricles.

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21
Q

Where is the cerebrospinal fluid created?

A

In the lateral ventricle.

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22
Q

List the pathway of ventricles from the lateral ventricles.

A

Lateral Ventricles > Third Ventricle > Cerebral aqueduct > Fourth Ventricle > Central Canal.

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23
Q

Name the ventricle-

Fairly Large and has 2 parts- one for each hemisphere.

A

Lateral Ventricles.

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24
Q

What is the third ventricle near to?

A

The thalamus.

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25
Q

The ______ _______ is the central gray of midbrain.

A

Cerebral Aqueduct.

26
Q

Name the ventricle, that its dorsal wall is the cerebellum.

A

Fourth Ventricle.

27
Q

What is the central canal?

A

The gray matter of spinal cord.

28
Q

What shape is the lateral ventricle?

A

A C-Shaped chamber.

29
Q

The lateral ventricle is a c-shaped chamber, located in _____ ______ _________.

A

All 4 lobes.

30
Q

What does the lateral ventricle sit around?

A

It sits around the Caudate Nucleus (part of the basal ganglia).

31
Q

What does the lateral ventricle narrow into?

A

It narrows into the third ventricle.

32
Q

Where does the third ventricle sit?

A

In between the 2 thalami.

33
Q

The third ventricle is the point where the lateral ventricles ______ ______.

A

Come together.

34
Q

The 3rd ventricle (top of midbrain) cavity narrows to become what?

A

To become the cerebral aqueduct.

35
Q

The cerebral aqueduct opens in ____/_____as the what?

A

Pons/Medulla.

As the 4th Ventricle.

36
Q

What does the 4th Ventricle do?

A

It supplies CSF to spinal cord and subarachnoid space.

37
Q

What is the main artery that supplies blood to the brain?

A

The Aorta.

38
Q

The _______ is the largest artery in the body.

A

Aorta.

39
Q

Name the 4 main arteries of the anterior circulation of the brain.

A
  • Internal Carotid Artery (ICA)
  • External Carotid Artery (ECA)
  • Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA)
  • Anterior Cerebral Artery (ACA).
40
Q

What is the general artery that provides the brain with blood supply?

A

The Internal Carotid Artery (ICA).

41
Q

The _____ ______ artery branches to the brain in order to give it, its blood supply.

A

Internal Carotid.

42
Q

What is the role of the External Carotid Artery?

A

It provides a blood supply to the pharynx, tongue, face and eyes.

43
Q

Where does the External Carotid Artery branch off from the common carotid artery?

A

(around about) The mandible :)

44
Q

What is the artery most important for speech production?

A

The MCA- Middle Cerebral Artery.

45
Q

Where does the Middle Cerebral Artery supply blood tp?

A

Speech, Language and hearing areas.

46
Q

What artery supplies blood to the frontal lobe, parietal lobe, corpus callosum and basal ganglia?

A

Anterior Cerebral Artery (ACA).

47
Q

The _____ _____ _______supplies the basal ganglia with blood.

A

Anterior Cerebral Artery (ACA).

48
Q

Apart from anterior circulation, name the other type of circulation.

A

Posterior circulation.

49
Q

Name the 4 main components of the posterior circulation.

A
  • Subclavian Artery
  • Vertebral Artery
  • Basilar Artery
  • Posterior Cerebral Artery (PCA)
50
Q

The vertebral artery goes up the ______ _______, and then what does it turn into?

A

Spinal Column. Turns into basilar artery.

51
Q

What is the function of the Posterior Cerebral Artery?

A

To provide blood to the occipital lobe, thalamus and corpus callosum.

52
Q

Name this.

Where the 2 routes to the brain connect and other major arteries arise.

A

The Circle of Willis.

53
Q

At the Circle of Willis, the 2 routes to the brain connect, name these 2 routes.

A

Internal Carotid Artery

Vertebral Artery.

54
Q

Where do the Anterior Cerebral Arteries supply blood to?

A

The frontal and parietal lobes.

55
Q

Where do the posterior cerebral arteries supply blood to?

A

Occipital and temporal lobes.

56
Q

What artery supplies blood to the frontal, parietal and temporal lobes?

A

The Middle Cerebral Artery.

57
Q

The _______ branches off supplying blood to areas for speech and language production.

A

MCA - Middle Cerebral Artery.

58
Q

The Middle Cerebral Artery runs straight along what fissure?

A

The Sylvian Fissure.

59
Q

The middle cerebral artery supplies blood to:

  • ______ area
  • Primary ______ cortex
  • Most of primary- _______ and __________ cortex
  • ________ area
  • _______ gyrus and ________ gyrus
  • Arcuate _________.
A 
Broca's Area
Primary Auditory Cortex
Most of primary motor cortex and somatosensory cortex
Wernicke's Area
Angular Gyrus and Supramaringal Gyrus
Arcuate Fasciculus.
60
Q

What would results in an interruption to the blood flow to all speech and language areas?

A

An infarct (or any disruption) at the junction between the Internal Carotid Artery (ICA) and MCA.

61
Q

What would a deeper infarct (further into cerebral hemisphere) result in?

A

May produce more localised deficits of blood supply.

Specialised Anatomy for SLT (13 decks)

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