Week 3 slides- Tongue

Question 1

Name the 3 roles of the tongue.

Answer 1

• Taste
• helps us to chew
• articulation

Question 2

The tongue shapes _____ voice into words.

Answer 2

laryngeal

Question 3

What on the tongue enables us to taste food?

Answer 3

Receptors on the tongue

Question 4

The tongue moves _____.

Answer 4

Freely.

Question 5

What is the tongue composed of?

Answer 5

Hundreds of small muscles.

Question 6

What is the piece of skin under the tongue, attaching it to the floor of the mouth called?

Answer 6

Frenulum

Question 7

One option for treating short tongue is to cut the _____.

Answer 7

Frenulum

Question 8

Why are the left and right sides of the frenulum protruded?

Answer 8

Because the submandibular and sublingual glands are opened there to release saliva.

Question 9

What are the 2 main categories of tongue muscles?

Answer 9

Extrinsic and Intrinsic

Question 10

Define what is meant by an extrinsic tongue muscle.

Answer 10

A muscle that attaches to the hyoid bone, mandible or styloid process of the skull.
(ex=exterior)

Question 11

What do you call a muscle inside the tongue?

Answer 11

An intrinsic muscle.

in=inside/interior

Question 12

Name the 4 main extrinsic tongue muscles.

Answer 12

Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Palatoglossus
Hyoglossus

Question 13

Name the 4 main intrinsic muscles.

Answer 13

Longitudinalis Superior
Longitudinalis Inferior
Transverse
Verticalis

Question 14

What is the main muscle responsible for protruding (sticking out) the tongue?

Answer 14

The Genioglossus

Question 15

What shape is the Genioglossus muscle?

Answer 15

A fan shaped muscle.

Question 16

What is the action of the Genioglossus?

Answer 16

It protracts and depresses the tongue.

Question 17

The _______ rises from the mental spine of the mandible and its insertions are the hyoid bone and the bottom of the tongue.

Answer 17

Genioglossus

Question 18

What is the function of the Styloglossus?

Answer 18

To draw the sides of the tongue upwards (to create a trough eg.for swallowing)

Question 19

The ________ retracts and elevates the tongue.

Answer 19

Styloglossus.

Question 20

The Origin of the ____ muscle is the styloid process.

Answer 20

Styloglossus

Question 21

Name the tongue muscle that has the hyoid bone as its insertion.

Answer 21

Hyoglossus.

Question 22

What is the role of the Hyoglossus?

Answer 22

It depresses and retracts the tongue.

Question 23

The Hyoglossus makes the dorsum more ________.

Answer 23

Convex.

Question 24

What muscles go across the tongue?

Answer 24

The transverse lingual muscle (and vertical lingual muscles).

Question 25

What does the transverse (lingual muscle)do?

Answer 25

Elongates, narrows and protrudes the tongue.

Question 26

What does the Verticalis (vertical lingual) muscle do?

Answer 26

Broaden and flatten the tongue.

Question 27

The ___________ muscle retracts, curls the tongue tips and sides superiorly (changes the shape of the tongue).

Answer 27

Superior Longitudinal

Question 28

What is the function of the Inferior Longitudinal muscle?

Answer 28

To lift the tongue tip.

Question 29

Muscles can have functional sub-compartments called _______.

Answer 29

neuromuscular compartments

Question 30

What muscle has a number of functional compartments?

Answer 30

The genioglossus.

Question 31

What muscle sits below the Genioglossus?

Answer 31

The Geniohyoid

Question 32

What does the Geniohyoid elevate?

Answer 32

It elevates the hyoid bone.

Question 33

What muscle elevates the floor of the tongue, which shuts of the oral cavity from the oropharynx?

Answer 33

Palatoglossus.

Question 34

What muscle can narrow and point the tongue?

Answer 34

The Styloglossus.

Question 35

Why do we have a groove in the middle of the tongue?

Answer 35

As the genioglossus pulls down the centre of the tongue.

Question 36

When producing a high front vowel, this requires the tongue to move where? What muscles would be used?

Answer 36

up and forward. | Genioglossus and Styloglossus.

Question 37

What sound would we need to contract the superior and inferior Longitudinalis muscles for?

Answer 37

Retroflex

Question 38

What can move the tongue (tip) left and right?

Answer 38

The Inferior Longitudinal Muscle.

Question 39

What is the tongue shape when we produce a plosive?

Answer 39

The tongue cups :)

Question 40

Why can not everyone make certain tongue shapes?

Answer 40

Due to variation (whether it be genetic or the shape of hard palate etc.)

Question 41

The brain learns a combination of signals to control _____ for _____ _______.

Answer 41

muscles, speech output.

Question 42

When people don't have a tongue so instead use hyoid and floor of mouth muscles to articulate, what is this condition known as?

Answer 42

Aglossia