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Specialised Anatomy for SLT > Week 3 slides- Tongue > Flashcards

Week 3 slides- Tongue Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 3 roles of the tongue.

A
  • Taste
  • helps us to chew
  • articulation
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2
Q

The tongue shapes _____ voice into words.

A

laryngeal

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3
Q

What on the tongue enables us to taste food?

A

Receptors on the tongue

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4
Q

The tongue moves _____.

A

Freely.

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5
Q

What is the tongue composed of?

A

Hundreds of small muscles.

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6
Q

What is the piece of skin under the tongue, attaching it to the floor of the mouth called?

A

Frenulum

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7
Q

One option for treating short tongue is to cut the _____.

A

Frenulum

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8
Q

Why are the left and right sides of the frenulum protruded?

A

Because the submandibular and sublingual glands are opened there to release saliva.

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9
Q

What are the 2 main categories of tongue muscles?

A

Extrinsic and Intrinsic

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10
Q

Define what is meant by an extrinsic tongue muscle.

A

A muscle that attaches to the hyoid bone, mandible or styloid process of the skull.
(ex=exterior)

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11
Q

What do you call a muscle inside the tongue?

A

An intrinsic muscle.

in=inside/interior

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12
Q

Name the 4 main extrinsic tongue muscles.

A

Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Palatoglossus
Hyoglossus

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13
Q

Name the 4 main intrinsic muscles.

A

Longitudinalis Superior
Longitudinalis Inferior
Transverse
Verticalis

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14
Q

What is the main muscle responsible for protruding (sticking out) the tongue?

A

The Genioglossus

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15
Q

What shape is the Genioglossus muscle?

A

A fan shaped muscle.

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16
Q

What is the action of the Genioglossus?

A

It protracts and depresses the tongue.

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17
Q

The _______ rises from the mental spine of the mandible and its insertions are the hyoid bone and the bottom of the tongue.

A

Genioglossus

18
Q

What is the function of the Styloglossus?

A

To draw the sides of the tongue upwards (to create a trough eg.for swallowing)

19
Q

The ________ retracts and elevates the tongue.

A

Styloglossus.

20
Q

The Origin of the ____ muscle is the styloid process.

A

Styloglossus

21
Q

Name the tongue muscle that has the hyoid bone as its insertion.

A

Hyoglossus.

22
Q

What is the role of the Hyoglossus?

A

It depresses and retracts the tongue.

23
Q

The Hyoglossus makes the dorsum more ________.

A

Convex.

24
Q

What muscles go across the tongue?

A

The transverse lingual muscle (and vertical lingual muscles).

25
Q

What does the transverse (lingual muscle)do?

A

Elongates, narrows and protrudes the tongue.

26
Q

What does the Verticalis (vertical lingual) muscle do?

A

Broaden and flatten the tongue.

27
Q

The ___________ muscle retracts, curls the tongue tips and sides superiorly (changes the shape of the tongue).

A

Superior Longitudinal

28
Q

What is the function of the Inferior Longitudinal muscle?

A

To lift the tongue tip.

29
Q

Muscles can have functional sub-compartments called _______.

A

neuromuscular compartments

30
Q

What muscle has a number of functional compartments?

A

The genioglossus.

31
Q

What muscle sits below the Genioglossus?

A

The Geniohyoid

32
Q

What does the Geniohyoid elevate?

A

It elevates the hyoid bone.

33
Q

What muscle elevates the floor of the tongue, which shuts of the oral cavity from the oropharynx?

A

Palatoglossus.

34
Q

What muscle can narrow and point the tongue?

A

The Styloglossus.

35
Q

Why do we have a groove in the middle of the tongue?

A

As the genioglossus pulls down the centre of the tongue.

36
Q

When producing a high front vowel, this requires the tongue to move where? What muscles would be used?

A

up and forward.

Genioglossus and Styloglossus.

37
Q

What sound would we need to contract the superior and inferior Longitudinalis muscles for?

A

Retroflex

38
Q

What can move the tongue (tip) left and right?

A

The Inferior Longitudinal Muscle.

39
Q

What is the tongue shape when we produce a plosive?

A

The tongue cups :)

40
Q

Why can not everyone make certain tongue shapes?

A

Due to variation (whether it be genetic or the shape of hard palate etc.)

41
Q

The brain learns a combination of signals to control _____ for _____ _______.

A

muscles, speech output.

42
Q

When people don’t have a tongue so instead use hyoid and floor of mouth muscles to articulate, what is this condition known as?

A

Aglossia

Specialised Anatomy for SLT (13 decks)

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