Week 6- nervous system Flashcards
What are the parts of the central nervous system?
brain and spinal cord
what are the parts of the peripheral nervous system?
cranial nerves,spinal nerves, plexuses and peripheral nerves Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)
the sympathetic and parasympathetic are part of what nervous system?
autonomic
Carry impulses between the brain and the head and neck
cranial nerves
Which cranial nerve is an outlier and carries meggages outside of the head and neck to the chest and abdomen?
the 10th cranial nerve- vagus nerve
A large network of nerves in the peripheral nervous system
plexus
what are the 3 plexuses?
- cervical
- brachial
- lumbrosacral
Sensory__________ nerves - carry messages related to changes in the environment TOWARDS the spinal cord and brain
AFFERENT
Motor________ nerves - travel from the spinal cord and brain to muscles of the body telling them how to respond
EFFERENT
Carry impulses AWAY from the CNS to glands, heart, blood vessels, GI tract and urinary tract
What system does this?
Autonomic nervous system
Which nervous system does the follwoing: Increase heart rate and forcefulness
Dilate (relax) airways so more oxygen can enter Increase blood pressure
DIlate pupils
sympathetic
Which nervous system does the following: Slow down heart rate
Lower blood pressure
Stimulate intestinal contractions
parasympathetic
an individual nerve cell
neuron
________tissue is the connective and supportive tissue of an organ
Stromal
supportive cells that help ward off infections
glial cells
the largest part of the brain
cerebellum
what part of the lobe deals with thought processes, behavior, personality, emotion
frontal lobe
what part of the brains hearing, understanding, speech and language
temporal lobe
what part of the brain deals with body sensations, visual and spatial perception
parietal lobe
what part of the brain deals with vision?
Occipital lobe
__________ are canals located in the middle of the cerebrum
Ventricles
a “triage center”; decides what is important and what is not by selectively processing and relaying sensory information to the cerebral cortex
Also plays a role in awareness and consciousness
Thalamus
controls body temperature, sleep, appetite, sexual desire and emotions like fear and pleasure
hypothalamus
coordinates voluntary movements, maintains balance + posture
cerebellum
What part of the brain is involved with seeing and hearing
midbrain
“bridge”; connects cerebellum and cerebrum to the rest of the brain; also contains nerves that affect face and eye movement
pons
what part of the brain connects the spinal cord to the brain
medulla oblongata
what are the 3 parts of the medulla oblongata?
- Respiratory center
- cardiac center
- vasomotor center
what part of the brain contains cell bodies and dendrites
grey matter
what part of the brain contains nerve fiber tracts with myelin sheaths conducting impulses to and from the brain
white matter
what are the Three layers of connective tissue membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord
menengies
The _________ is the Outermost membrane of the menegines thick, tough membrane that contains channels with blood
dura matter
spider-like” membrane loosely attached to the other meninges by web-like fibers so there is space for fluid between the fibers and the third membrane,
Arachnoid membrane
what renege layer is the delicate connective tissue with a rich supply of blood vessels
pia matter
brain disorder marked by gradual and progressive mental deterioration, dementia, personality changes, impairment of daily functioning
Alzheimer’s Disease
degenerative condition of MOTOR neurons in the spinal cord and brainstem; manifests in adulthood and causes weakness and atrophy of muscles in the hands, arms, legs and then difficulty swallowing, talking and breathing
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
destruction of the myelin sheath on neurons and replacement of plaques of sclerotic tissue; causes paresthesias, muscle weakness, unsteady gait and paralysis
Multiple sclerosis
degeneration of neurons leading to tremors, weakness of muscles and slowness of movement; a deficiency of dopamine
Parkinson’s disease
disruption in the normal blood supply to the brain; AKA Stroke or cerebral infarction
Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)
