week 5 - spinal cord and spinal nerves

Question 1

what are the cell types of nervous system ?

Answer 1

neuron & glial cells

Question 2

what are the parts of a neuron ?

Answer 2

• dendrites
• mylenated axon
• cell body & nucleus
• terminal boutons

Question 3

what are the 3 types of glial cells ? passpprt

Answer 3

CNS

• oligodendiocytes
• astrocytes
• ependymal cells

PNS

• schwann
• satellite

Question 4

describe spinal cord grey matter ?

Answer 4

outer edge - neurons, CNS glial cells, proteins, blood vessels

Question 5

describe spinal cord white matter ?

Answer 5

inner - glial cell axons, proteins, blood vessels

Question 6

where is the central canal ?

Answer 6

centre of spinal cord - continuous with brain ventricles filled with CSF

Question 7

where is the spinal cord ?

Answer 7

occupies vertebral column

Question 8

where does the spinal cord begin and end ?

Answer 8

start at skull -> L1 or L2

Question 9

what is the relationship between a spinal segment and spinal nerve ?

Answer 9

spinal nerve attaches to segment via rootlets

Question 10

how are spinal nerves distributed for the spine ?

Answer 10

c - 8
t - 12
l - 5
s - 7
c - 1

Question 11

what is the lumbar enlargement ?

Answer 11

enlarged distal end of spinal cord

Question 12

what is the conus medullaris ?

Answer 12

tip of the spinal cord

Question 13

what is the cauda equira

Answer 13

horse tail like bundle of spinal nerves

Question 14

which end is the ventral horn on of the spinal cord cross section ?

Answer 14

the end closest to where the edge of the white matter dips into a V

Question 15

what is the dorsal root ganglion ?

Answer 15

attaches to outside of spinal cord splitting into dorsal and ventral roots inside

Question 16

what does the dorsal root ganglion split into outside the spinal cord ?

Answer 16

dorsal and ventral ramus

Question 17

what are the phrenic nerve ?

Answer 17

2 nerves running down from the neck to the heart - passes motor information to diaphragm & receives sensory info from it

Question 18

what makes up the brachial brexus ?

Answer 18

medial -> lateral : ulna, medial, musculocutaneous

medial -> lateral : radial, axillary

Question 19

what makes up the lumbosacral plexus

Answer 19

thigh
anterior - femoral
posterior - sciatic

leg
anterior - common/fibula/perioneal
posterior - tibial

Question 20

what structures form the interveterabl foramina ?

Answer 20

superior and inferior notch

Question 21

what does the subarachnoid space contain ?

Answer 21

contain CSF

Question 22

what is the difference between monosynaptic and polysnaptic reflex ?

Answer 22

mono - 1 sensory fibre = 1 motor fibre

poly - 1 sensory fibre = multiple motor fibres (quick reflex, amplified)

Question 23

what are the 5 components of the reflex arch ?

Answer 23

receptor, sensory neuron, integration centre, motor neuron, effector