week 1 - axial skeleton Flashcards
e.g. of simple squamous
kidney, lung
e.g. of stratified squamous
skin, throat, esophagus
e.g. of simple columnar
GIT
e.g. of pseudo stratified columnar
upper respiratory tract
e.g. of simple cuboidal
liver
e.g. of transitional
bladder, lines ureter
3 types of cells junctions
- tight (prevent passage of fluid/solutes)
- gap (permit free diffusion of ion/small molecules)
- desosome (resist stretching/twisting)
2 types of epithelium tissue (surface cells)
- membraneous (covers or lines surface)
- glandular (secretory units)
cell classification depends on
- nucleus shape (flat, round, oval)
- nucleus position (basal, central, apex)
- cell shape (squamous, cuboidal, columnar)
- cell arrangement (simple, stratitified)
- surface absorption (cilia, microvilli)
3 types of connective tissue
- CT proper -> loose (fat, adipose), dense (tendons, lig)
- fluid proper -> blood, lymph
- supporting -> bone, cartilage
6 types of bone shape
- sutural (skull sutures)
- irregular (vertebrae)
- short (phalanges)
- flat (parietal)
- long (femur, humorous)
- sesamoid (patella)
describe long bone structure from proximal -> distal
prx epiphysis -> prx metaphysis -> diaphysis (shaft) -> dis metaphysis -> dis epiphysis
what is the petrous part of temporal bone?
boundary between middle and posterior cranial fossa
4 types of sutures
- coronal (front)
- sagital ( down the middle of skull)
- lambdoid (back)
- squamous (side)
what is bregma?
intersection of sagital and coronal suture
what is lamda?
intersection of sagital and lambdoid suture
3 types of foramina on greater wing of sphenoid
- foramen rotundum
- foramen ovale
- foramen spinosum
what bone does the mandible articulate with ?
temporal bone
which bones articulate with left parietal bone ?
left temportal, frontal, occipital
what bone forms prominence of cheek on face ?
zygomatic bone
what opening in skull allows brain to be continuous with spinal cord ?
foramen magnum
how many spinal curvatures ?
- primary -> thoracic & sacral (pelvic)
- secondary -> cervical (kyphosis) & lumbar (lordosis)
what are the parts of a typical vertebra ?
- process -> transverse (x2 sides), spinous (back)
- body
- pedicle -> protrusion joins body with processes
- lamina -> vertebra arch joins spinous & transverse process
- vertebral foramen -> together form spinal canal
what are the parts of a vertebral column ?
- cervical (7), thoracic (12), lumbar (5)
- sacral (5)
- coccygeal
- intervertebral discs
- intervertebral foramina -> formed by notches
- facet joints -> between articular joints
