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Earth Science > WEEK 5- SOIL RESOURCES > Flashcards

WEEK 5- SOIL RESOURCES Flashcards

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1
Q

It is an essential component of Earth that enabled life to exist on the planet and continues to support it.

A

Soil

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2
Q

Living skin of Earth which is a result of the dynamic interaction among the four subsystems.

A

Pedosphere

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2
Q

Sfaira means?

A

Sphere

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2
Q

pedon means?

A

Soil

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2
Q

Foundation of terrestrial life on this planet

A

Pedosphere

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2
Q

Is made from portions of the geosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere

A

Soil

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3
Q

Components of soil (4)

A

Air, water, mineral, organic matter

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3
Q

forms when rock weathers (chemical or physical). It could be a slow or rapid process depending on the factors at play.

A

Soil formation

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4
Q

5 factors affection soil formation:

A

Parent material, climate, topography, biological factors, and time

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4
Q

its chemistry and type will determine the kind of soil it will form along with the effects of other factors.

A

Parent material

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4
Q

slope affects water flow and erosion. Steep slope -> thinner soils due to high rate of erosion. Slope aspect affects temperature and moisture.

A

Topography

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4
Q

temperature, rainfall, and moisture affect the pattern and intensity of soil forming processes such as weathering, leaching, transportation, and distribution.

A

Climate

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5
Q

burrowing, biological weathering, nutrient
and chemical exchange between roots and soil, agriculture and urbanization

A

Biological factors

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5
Q

proportion of the particle sizes in the soil–sand, silt, clay.

A

Soil texture

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5
Q

Soil is naturally composed of these particles and proportion of which affects soil properties such as soil porosity and water retention.

A

Sand, slit, clay

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5
Q

Particles larger than the coarse-grained sand are called? (>75,00mm)

A

Rocks and gravel

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5
Q

Soil scientists use capital letters_____? to identify horizons.

A

A, B, C, E, O

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5
Q

Smallest particle followed by slit and sand

A

Clay

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5
Q

is a gradual process which involves the development of succession of zones or soil horizons.

A

Soil formation

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5
Q

____(?) accumulated clay and other nutrients from the layer above it.

A

Subsoil (B)

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5
Q

_____(?) Composed of mineral matter mixed with dark organic humus

A

Surface horizon (A)

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6
Q

Three major horizons:

A

A, B, C

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6
Q

_________(?) composed of loose or partly decayed organic matter.

A

Organic horizon (O)

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6
Q

(?) characterized by significant loss of minerals (eluviation) and leaching.

A

E-

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6
Q

simple and easy way for farmers to quickly identify the macro and micronutrient deficiency in the soil through the use of

A

Rapid soil test kit (RST)

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6
Q

Hard bedrock, which is not soil uses letter?

A

R

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6
Q

____(?) composed of partially altered parent material.

A

Substratum (C)

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6
Q

Amount of ______? in the soils is important dor plant growth

A

Nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus

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7
Q

the third of three elements in healthy soil nutrition, can greatly increase crop yields. It aids in water absorption and retention, also encourages strong roots, sturdy stems, and healthy, full-grown crops that have longer shelf life

A

Potassium

8
Q

main chemical elements required for plant growth and photosynthesis

A

Nitrogen

9
Q

Is vital for strong growth. Insufficient ____ in the soil will cause stunted, spindly crops.

A

Phosphorus

10
Q

a main component of land resources, agriculture, and ecological sustainability. It also provides food and foundation for shelter.

A

Soil

11
Q

According to___ 33% of the global soil is moderately to highly degraded through erosion, salinization, compaction, acidification, chemical pollution, and nutrient depletion which hamper soil functions and limit food production.

A

UN FAO - food and agriculture organization of united nations

12
Q

refers to everything that surrounds a living organism

A

Environment

13
Q

Provides ecosystem services that support and sustain life on earth

A

Environment

14
Q

Community of organisms interacting with each other and with the abiotic component of the environment

A

Ecosystem

15
Q

Ecosystem services (4)

A

Cultural, support, provisioning, regulating

16
Q

include non-material benefits such as spiritual enrichment, cultural heritage, recreation,
tourism, and the experience that nature provides for humans

A

Cultural services

17
Q

cycling of vital nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus –minerals that are essential for survival and can only be derived in their usable forms through nitrogen and phosphorus cycles, respectively

A

Support services

18
Q

benefits obtained by regulating the climate, hazards, and diseases through processes such as carbon sequestration

A

Regulating services

19
Q

Provides basic needs for survival

A

Provisioning services

20
Q

Generally made up of objects that accumulate on the site where they are produced

A

Solid waste

21
Q

provides systematic, comprehensive, and ecological solid waste management policies that ensure the protection of human health and the environment.

A

RA 9003, Ecological Waste Management Act of 2000

22
Q

3rs

A

reduce, reuse, recycle

23
Q

Limiting the amount of waste

A

Reduce

24
Q

recovery of materials with the intention of using them either in the same or different purpose

A

Reuse

25
Q

Converting any used materials into new products

A

Recycle

26
Q

Phases of recycling (3)

A

segregation, collection, production of new products

27
Q

practice of separating solid wastes at the point of origin

A

segregation

28
Q

removal of soild waste from the source

A

collection

29
Q

original product loses identity and may be used as raw materials to produce goods and services

A

production of new products

30
Q

materials that people in a community no longer want because they are no longer useful

A

Municipal waste

31
Q

comes from households, commercial, etc.

A

Municipal waste

32
Q

common form of waste from farming and poultry

A

Agricultural waste

33
Q

comes from industrial sources

A

Industrial solid waste

34
Q

Mostly organic and is used for soil-enhancing activities

A

Agricultural waste

35
Q

Utilization of different sources of energy contributes to the generation of gaseous wastes that may cause air pollution

A

Gaseous waste

35
Q

wastes that originate from industrial, commercial, mining, and agricultural operations

A

Liquid waste

35
Q

types of solid waste:

A

Gaseous, agricultural, municipal, liquid, industrial, mining,

36
Q

Aims to protect, preserve, and revive the philippine’s freshwater

A

RA 9275 Clean Waste Act of 2004

37
Q

provides a framework for sustainable development by balancing development and environmental protection

A

RA 8749 Clean Air Act of 1999

38
Q

Methods of waste disposal

A

Landfill, inceration, mulch and compost, source reduction, recycling

39
Q

The cheapest and most convenient method

A

Laadfill

40
Q

allowing the natural process of decomposition to transform organic materials into humus

A

Compost

40
Q

a layer of mineral applied to the surface of an area of soil.

A

Mulch

40
Q

simplest methods to dispose of waste at homes

A

Mulch and compost

41
Q

waste material is being converted into gas, particles, heat that is used to generate electricity.

A

Incineration

42
Q

method of designing, manufacturing, purchasing, using and reusing materials

A

Source reduction

43
Q

burning in controlled manner ucing an incinerator

A

Incineration

44
Q

constructed above an impermeable clay layer that is lined with an impermeable membrane

A

Lanfill

45
Q

method of collecting throwaway materials and turning them into useful products

A

Recycling

Earth Science (10 decks)

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