Mineral formation and Mining methods

Question 1

Valuable substances are concentrated within an igneous body (crystal fractionation, partial melting, and crystal settling)

Answer 1

Magmatic ore deposits

Question 2

Concentration by hot aqueous

Answer 2

Hydrothermal ore deposits

Question 3

Substances are concentrated by chemical precipitation from lake or sea water.

Answer 3

Sedimentary ore deposists

Question 4

2 types of sedimentary deposits?

Answer 4

Evaporite deposits and iron formation

Question 5

Concentration through gravity seperation

Answer 5

Placer ore deposits

Question 6

Concentrated by chemical weathering

Answer 6

residual ore deposits

Question 7

Evaporation of lake water or sea water results in the loss of water

Answer 7

Evaporite deposits

Question 8

Iron rich and other iron bearing minerals deposited in basins with continental crust.

Answer 8

iron formation

Question 9

Aided by flowing surface waters either in streams or along coastlines

Answer 9

Placer ore deposits

Question 10

draining by rainwater percolation.

Answer 10

Leaching

Question 11

During the process, the volume of the original rock is greatly reduced by leaching.

Answer 11

Placer ore deposits

Question 12

extract ore minerals that are close to Earth’s surface

Answer 12

Surface mining

Question 13

deep under the Earth’s surface

Answer 13

Underground mining

Question 14

Addition of chemicals like cyanide or acid to dissolve the non-useful rock

Answer 14

Heap leaching

Question 15

Addition of substance that produces air bubbles and attach to the valuable minerals to make them float.

Answer 15

Floatation

Question 16

Heating the ore at very high temperature, causing the rock to separate into layer and extract the mineral.

Answer 16

Smelting

Question 17

If the metal or mineral is magnetic, the crushed ore is separated from the waste materials using a powerful magnet

Answer 17

Magnetic seperation

Question 18

Rocks that lie on top of the ore is blasted and loaded on trucks or carts.

Answer 18

Surface mining

Question 19

Miners blast and dig tunnels and shafts into the rocks to reach the ore. Expensive and risky at the same time.

Answer 19

Underground

Question 20

Used for low-grade gold ore where the crushed rock is placed on a “leach pile” where cyanide solution is sprayed or dripped on top of the pile.

Answer 20

Heap leaching