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IMG1034 Abdominal sonography > week 5: Gallbladder & Biliary > Flashcards

week 5: Gallbladder & Biliary Flashcards

1
Q

part of bile duct system that drains liver into bile duct

A

common hepatic duct

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2
Q

diameter of CBD

A

6mm

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3
Q

what does the biliary system consist of

A

right & left hepatic ducts, CBD, gallbladder, cystic duct

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4
Q

3 functions of the biliary system

A
  1. transport bile –> gallbladder
  2. store bile until needed for digestion
  3. transport bile from GB–> duodenum
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5
Q

proximal portion of CBD is __ to hepatic artery and ___ to portal vein

A
  1. lateral

2. anterior

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6
Q

the right and left hepatic ducts unite to form ___

A

common hepatic duct

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7
Q

hepatic artery arise from celiac axis and travels ___ to the portal vein and ___ to the common bile duct

A
  1. anterior

2. medial

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8
Q

what is the “mickey mouse” sign

A

portal vein head, hepatic artery as left ear, bile duct as right ear

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9
Q

what is a normal variant that alters the anatomy of the porta hepatis.

A

replaced right hepatic artery that arises from SMA

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10
Q

cystic duct connects ___ and ____ to form CBD

A
  1. neck of gallbladder

2. common hepatic duct

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11
Q

pear-shaped organ that is found on the inferior margin of the liver between the right and left lobes of the liver

A

gallbladder

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12
Q

landmarks for the gallbladder

A
  1. MHV (bw R & L lobe)
  2. inter lobar fissure (separate R &L lobe)
  3. portal vein (near neck of GB)
  4. right kidney
  5. RUQ
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13
Q

what happens to gallbladder during embryonic development

A

migrates to the surface of liver and acquires a peritoneal covering

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14
Q

gallbladder is a ____ organ that lies in the ___ position

A
  1. intraperitoneal

2. intrahepatic

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15
Q

part of GB that usually projects below the inferior margin of the liver, where it comes into contact with the anterior abdominal wall at the level of the ninth right costal cartilage.

A

fundus

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16
Q

part of GB that lies in contact with the visceral surface of the liver and is directed upward, backward, and to the left.

A

body

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17
Q

part of the GB that becomes continuous with the cystic duct, and joins the right side of the common hepatic duct to form the common bile duct.

A

neck

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18
Q

gallbladder fossa is located where / in what segment(s)?

A
  • posterioinferior surface of right lobe

- seg. V and 4b

19
Q

T/F: gallbladder is related to the main lobar fissure

A

TRUE

20
Q

T/F: gallbladder is mobile and will change positions when the patient moves

A

TRUE

-why we have to image in 2 patient positions

21
Q

the __is situated lateral, caudal, and ante- rior to the neck.

A

fundus

22
Q

The neck of the gallbladder is oriented ____ toward the porta hepatis.

A

posteromedially

23
Q

average measurement of gallbladder

A
  • 2.5 to 4 cm in diameter
  • 7 to 10 cm in length
  • The walls are less than 3 mm thick.
24
Q

Biliary ducts are subdivides into ___ and ___

A
  1. intrahepatic

2. extrahepatic

25
Q

completely or partially enclosed by liver tissue, R & L hepatic ducts

A

intrahepatic

26
Q

what are the extrahepatic ducts

A
  1. CHD (common hepatic duct)
  2. CD (cystic duct)
  3. CBD (common bile duct)
27
Q

intrahepatic ducts course with

A

R&L portal veins, and hepatic arteriole branches

28
Q

T/F: intrahepatics are in fixed relation to RL portal veins

A

FALSE

-can be anterior, posterior, torturous

29
Q

CHD is formed by ___ and ___ joining at level of ___

A

1 &2. R and L intrahepatic ducts

3. porta hepatis

30
Q

CHD courses ___ to the GB neck

A

inferiorly

31
Q

___ joins with cystic duct (CD) to form CBD

A

Common hepatic duct (CHD)

32
Q

Arterial supply of the gallbladder is from

A

cystic artery

-part of right hepatic artery

33
Q

The ___ vein drains directly into the portal vein.

A

cystic

34
Q

primary functions of the extrahepatic biliary tract

A
  1. the transportation of bile from the liver to the intestine
  2. regulation of bile flow.
35
Q

Concentration of bile in the gallbladder occurs during ___

A

fasting

36
Q

what causes the concentration of bile in the gallbladder

A

pressure within CBD via sphincter of oddi

37
Q

what causes outpour of bile into duodenum

A

gallbladder contraction due to influence of food

38
Q

what happens when gallbladder is removed

A
  • sphincter of Oddi loses tonus
  • pressure within the common bile duct drops
  • free flow of bile into duodenum during fasting & digestive phase
39
Q

what stimulates the live to make more bile

A

bile salts

40
Q

bile is principle medium for ___

A

excretion

41
Q

probe for GB exam

A

curvilinear or section probe 2.5-5 MHz

42
Q

why does patient need to fast 6 hrs before GB exam

A

to ensure max dilation of GB

43
Q

GB is ___ to right kidney

A

anterior

44
Q

GB is ___ to pancreas head and duodenum

A

lateral

IMG1034 Abdominal sonography (9 decks)

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