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IMG1034 Abdominal sonography > week 4: Liver > Flashcards

week 4: Liver Flashcards

1
Q

Couinaud’s segment 1

A

caudate lobe

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2
Q

Couinaud’s segment 2

A

Left superior lateral

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3
Q

Couinaud’s segment 3

A

Left inferior lateral

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4
Q

Couinaud’s segment 4a

A

left superior medial

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5
Q

Couinaud’s segment 4b

A

left inferior medial

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6
Q

Couinaud’s segment 5

A

right inferior anterior

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7
Q

Couinaud’s segment 6

A

right inferior posterior

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8
Q

Couinaud’s segment 7

A

right superior posterior

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9
Q

Couinaud’s segment 8

A

right superior anterior

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10
Q

segment 5 and 6 are ___ to the transverse plane

A

caudal

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11
Q

segment 7 and 8 are ___ to the transverse plane

A

cephalad

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12
Q

Liver main functions

A

digestion, storage, metabolism, detox, defence,

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13
Q

where are RBC broken down after 120 days

A

spleen

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14
Q

the breakdown product of hemoglobin that is detoxified in the liver

A

bilirubin

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15
Q

bilirubin attaches to ___ in the blood and is transported to the liver

A

albumin

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16
Q

what is most readily affected when hepatocytes are damaged

A

excretion of bilirubin

17
Q

excretory product of the liver

A

bile

18
Q

principles components of bile

A

bile salts, water, bile pigments (bilirubin)

19
Q

primary function of bile

A
  • emulsify intestine fats

- remove waste products excreted by liver

20
Q

normal size of liver (right lobe)

A

13-17 cm

15.5cm*

21
Q

where is measurement of liver taken

A

mid-clavicular

*from mid-diaphragm to inferior edge

22
Q

increase in albumin causes

A

hemolytic anemia

23
Q

decrease in albumin causes

A

liver damage

24
Q

increase in bilirubin causes

A
  • jaundice
  • liver damage
  • obstruction
25
Q

increase in alkaline phosphatase causes

A
  • metastases
  • obstruction
  • lesions
  • jaundice
26
Q

what can indicate hepatitis

A

increased AST & ALT

27
Q

increase in beta globulin causes

A

fatty liver

28
Q

decrease in ___ & ___ causes carcinoma

A
  • beta globulin

- LDH

29
Q

2 surfaces of the liver

A
  1. anterior / parietal

2. posterior / visceral

30
Q

Right Posterior surface is inferior to

A

diaphragm, upper abdominal wall, right kidney, right adrenal gland

31
Q

what landmarks split up the liver into different sections

A
  1. vasculature
  2. fissures
  3. ligaments
32
Q

what are the main fissures

A
  1. main lobar
  2. left intersegmental
    - -falciform
    - -ligamentum teres
  3. right intersegmental
33
Q

what liver vessels lie within the fissures

A
  1. LHV
  2. MHV
  3. RHV
34
Q

fissure that divides the right and left hepatic lobes, contains MHV, echogenic line from RPV to GB neck

A

main lobar fissure

IMG1034 Abdominal sonography (9 decks)

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