Week 5

Question 1

___________________ presence of systemic atherosclerosis distal to the arch of the aorta

Answer 1

Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD)

Question 2

For peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD), are the manifestations of vessel occlusion sudden or gradual?

Answer 2

Gradual

Question 3

_______________________ typically refers to lower extremity skeletal muscle pain that occurs during exercise

Answer 3

Intermittent claudication (IC)

Question 4

Peripheral Venous Disease (PVD) AKA?

Answer 4

Chronic Venous Insufficiency

Question 5

Peripheral Venous Disease is manifested by venous ______________

Answer 5

Hypertension

Question 6

Prolonged standing increases pressure and causes ___________ of vessel wall

Answer 6

dilation

Question 7

Is brown pigmentation from hemosiderin deposits PVD or PAD?

Answer 7

PVD

Question 8

Deep vein Thrombosis AKA?

Answer 8

Thrombophlebitis

Question 9

______________ is presence of a thrombus in a vein and accompanying inflammatory response

Answer 9

Deep vein Thrombosis

Question 10

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is common in _____?

Answer 10

Calf

Question 11

Complication of DVT is?

Answer 11

pulmonary embolism

Question 12

Pulmonary emboli can originate from various sources, most arise
from _______?

Answer 12

DVT

Question 13

Virchow’s triad includes (3):

Answer 13

1) venous stasis
2) venous endothelial injury
3) hypercoagulation state

Question 14

Pathophysiology of pulmonary embolism - 1st stage

Answer 14

Depends on size and degree of blood flow
obstructed

Question 15

Pathophysiology of pulmonary embolism - 2nd stage

Answer 15

Causes reflex bronchoconstriction in
affected area and impaired gas exchange

Question 16

Pathophysiology of pulmonary embolism - 3rd stage

Answer 16

Causes loss of alveolar surfactant

Question 17

Pathophysiology of pulmonary embolism - 4th stage

Answer 17

Pulmonary HTN (Pulmonary infarction is uncommon)

Question 18

Is this pulmonary embolism manifestations of moderate or massive size emboli?

• Breathlessness Pleuritic pain
• Apprehension
• Blood-tinged sputum with cough
• Tachycardia
• Increased RR

Answer 18

Moderate size emboli

Question 19

Is this pulmonary embolism manifestations of moderate or massive size emboli?

• Sudden collapse
• Chest Pain Shock
• Tachycardia, hypotension
• Cyanosis
• Diaphoresis
• Fatal

Answer 19

Massive emboli

Question 20

A ________________ is a simple blood test that can help your healthcare provider determine if you may have a blood clotting condition

Answer 20

D-dimer test

Question 21

Blood supplied to brain by (2) major
arteries:

Answer 21

• internal carotid arteries (anterior
  circulation)
• Vertebral arteries (posterior
  circulation)

Question 22

Tissue Perfusion = _____________?

Answer 22

Blood flow

Question 23

______________ is an abnormal bulging of and arterial wall (“a widening”)

Answer 23

Aneurysm

Question 24

Aneurysm is caused by a defect or acquired weakness of the _________________ which worsens over time as blood is
pushed against it

Answer 24

arterial wall

Question 25

______________ is an abnormally low flow of blood to tissues

Answer 25

Ischemia

Question 26

____________ a blockage or occlusion that forms when a blood clot or other
foreign particle moves through the circulation

Answer 26

embolism