WEEK 4 - NECK Flashcards
how many cervical vertebraes are there
7
which cervical vertebraes are atypical
C1 (ATLAS) and c2 (axis)
what is a typical cervical vertebrae
- transverse foramen for vertebral artery and vein are definitive
features of C1 atlas
- no body
- no spinous process
- anterior and posterior tubercle
- groove for vertebral artery
features of c2 axis
body and dense
where is the zygapophyseal joint located
between articular facets
what type of joint is ZYGAPOPHYSEAL joint
- synovial joints that allow for motion of vertebral spine
intervertebral disc function
- provides cushioning to reduce stress of impact, protects nerves, allow movement
what does the intervertebral disc consist of
- central nucleus pulposis and peripheral annulus fibrosis
where does the vertebral artery run through
- runs upwards through transverse foramen of C6 C1
where does vertebral artery passes behind
superior articular process of C1 and sits in a groove above posterior arch, before entering foramen magnum
what do the two vertebral arteries anastomose to form
BASILAR ARTERY at the base of the pons
where does the basilar artery lie
clivus
what does the basilar artery supply and form
circle of willis
does hyoid bone articulate with other bones
no
what is hyoid bone important for
muscle attachments
what is hyoid bone attached to
- supra and infrahyoid muscles
- middle pharyngeal constrictors
- thyrohyoid membrane
stylohyoid ligament - intermediate tendon of digastric
1 superficial muscle of the neck
platysma
what type of muscle is platysma
subcutaneous muscle
where does the platysma muscle cover
- anterior neck and sternocleidomastoid muscle
why is platysma considered a facial expression muscle
closely associated with and inserts into the skin
where do fibres of platysma extend
all the way from the lower face to upper thorax
function of platysma
wrinkles the neck, depresses lip and mandible
innervation of platysma
facial nerve