WEEK 12 - nose, sinuses and pharynx and pterygopalatine ganglion

Question 1

what is the nose formed by

Answer 1

• nasal bones
• nasal cartilages
• fibrofatty tissue

Question 2

function of nose

Answer 2

• respiration
• olfaction
• appearance

Question 3

what is the root of the nose formed by

Answer 3

nasal bone
frontal process of maxilla
nasal process of frontal bone

Question 4

name the three main cartilages which form the dorsum and apex of the nose

Answer 4

lateral nasal cartilage
major alar cartilage
septal cartilage

Question 5

list the 8 bones that form the floor, roof and lateral wall of the nose

Answer 5

• nasal
• frontal
• ethmoid
• sphenoid
• maxilla
• lacrimal
• inferior nasal concha
• palatine

Question 6

what is the nasal septum part formed by

Answer 6

septal cartilage

Question 7

what is the bony nasal septum formed by

Answer 7

• perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone anterosuperiorly
• vomer posterinferioly

Question 8

what does the vomer and medial pterygoid plate form

Answer 8

choanae

Question 9

what does the maxilla and nasal bones form

Answer 9

piriform aperture

Question 10

what does the vomer, palatine and sphenoid form

Answer 10

choanae

Question 11

what is the frontal sinus innervated by

Answer 11

supraorbital nerve

Question 12

what is the ethmoid sinus innervated by

Answer 12

anterior and posterior ethmoid nerves sphenoid

Question 13

what is the maxillary sinus innervated by

Answer 13

maxillary nerve

Question 14

what does the sphenoid sinus drains into

Answer 14

sphenoethmoidal recess via its ostium

Question 15

what does the posterior ethmoid air cells drains into

Answer 15

superior meatus

Question 16

what does the middle and anterior ethmoid air drains into

Answer 16

middle meatus

Question 17

what does the maxillary sinus drains into

Answer 17

middle meatus

Question 18

what does the frontal sinus drains into

Answer 18

middle meatus

Question 19

where does the nasolacrimal duct drains into

Answer 19

inferior meatus

Question 21

sensory innervation of the xternal nose

Answer 21

ophthalmic and maxillary nerve

Question 22

what is the external nose supplied by

Answer 22

facial artery

Question 23

what is the nasal cavity supplied by

Answer 23

ophthalmic, maxillary and facial artery

Question 24

list the divisions of the pharynx

Answer 24

• nasopharynx
• oropharynx
• laryngopharynx

Question 25

where is the palatien tonsil located (oropharynx)

Answer 25

- located between the palatoglossal fold anteriorly and palatopharyngeal fold postertiorly

Question 26

where is the lingual tonsil located (oropharynx)

Answer 26

- located on pharygeal tongue

Question 27

where is glossoepiglottic folds and valleculae located (oropharynx)

Answer 27

- between pharyngeal tongue and epiglottis

Question 28

where is the piriform recess located

Answer 28

0 lateral to the inlet of the larynx

Question 29

list the three pairs of the pharyngeal constrictors

Answer 29

superior middle inferior

Question 30

where are the pharyngeal constrictor muscles located

Answer 30

located at posterior and lateral sides of pharynx

Question 31

where does superior constrictor arises from

Answer 31

medial pterygoid plate and hamulus, pterygomandibular raphe, alveolar process of mandible and side of tongue

Question 32

where does the superior constrictor attach to

Answer 32

attaches to pharyngeal tubercle

Question 33

what is the superior constrictor muscle seperated by

Answer 33

stylopharyngeus muscle and glossopharyngeal nerve

Question 34

where does the middle constrictor arises from

Answer 34

horn of hyoid and stylohyoid ligament

Question 35

what branch of which nerve crosses over the middle constrictor to pierce into which muscle

Answer 35

internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve crosses over it to pierce thyrohyoid membrane

Question 36

where does the inferior constrictor muscle arises from

Answer 36

thryoid cartilage of larynx and cricoid cartilage of larynx

Question 37

which artery and nerve pass inferior constrictor

Answer 37

recurrent laryngeal nerve and inferior laryngeal artery

Question 38

name the muscles of pharyngeal which elevate the pharynx and act to shorten and widen the pharynx

Answer 38

- palatopharyngeus - salpingopharynegsu - stylopharyngeus

Question 39

nerves of the pharyngeal plexus

Answer 39

- pharyngeal branch of glossopharyngeal nerve - pharyngeal branch of vagus nerve - sympathetic fibres from the superior cervical ganglion

Question 40

which division is the maxillary nerve of

Answer 40

second division of trigeminal nerve

Question 41

what does the zygomatic nerve travel with

Answer 41

maxillary nervee

Question 42

where does the zygomatic nerve travel with the maxillary nerve through

Answer 42

inferior orbital fissure into obit

Question 43

what does the zygomatic nerve divide into once it passes through the inferior orbital fissure

Answer 43

- zygomaticofacial nerve - zygomaticotemporal nerve

Question 44

what does the zygomatic nerve give rise to

Answer 44

lacrimal nerve

Question 45

name the alveolar nerves of the maxillary nerve

Answer 45

- posterior superior alveolar nerve - middle superior alveolar nerve - anteror superior alveolar nerve

Question 46

where does the posterior superior alveolr nerve arises from

Answer 46

maxillary nerve in PT fossa

Question 47

where does the middle superior alveolar nerve arises fromm

Answer 47

infraorbital nerve in infraorbital groove

Question 48

where does the infraorbital nerve emrges onto the face via

Answer 48

infraorbital foramen

Question 49

where is maxillary nerve renamed infraobital nerve

Answer 49

after maxillary nerve passes through the inferior orbital fissure

Question 50

what does the pterygopalatine fossa contain

Answer 50

- pterygopalatine ganglion - maxillary nerve' - maxillary artery - fatty fascia

Question 51

what does the pterygopalatine fossa opens into

Answer 51

- foramen rotundum - pterygoid canal - pterygomaxillary fissure