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ANAT3004 LECTURES > WEEK 3 - CRANIAL NERVES > Flashcards

WEEK 3 - CRANIAL NERVES Flashcards

1
Q

List two main parts of nervous system

A
  • CNS: brain and spinal cord
  • PNS: cranial nerves and spinal cord
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2
Q

AFFERENT nerves carry information where

A

into the cns > somatosensory > AFFERENT : ARRIVE

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3
Q

EFFERENT fibres carry information where

A

out of the CNS > somatic/volunary
EFFERENT: EXIT

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4
Q

in the spinal cord, where do afferent fibres enter via

A

dorsal root

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5
Q

where do afferent fibres have their cell bodies within

A

dorsal root ganglia

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6
Q

where do efferent fibres leave via

A

ventral root

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7
Q

where do efferent fibres have their cell bodies within

A

ventral horn of the spinal cord

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8
Q

where do dorsal and ventral roots emerge from

A

spinal cord and join to become mixed spinal nerve

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9
Q

what does the ANS contain

A
  • parasympathetic
  • sympathetic divisions
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10
Q

what do most organs contain

A

dual sympathetic and parasympathetic supply

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11
Q

what does each division of P. and S. consists of

A
  • pre.ganglionic neuron that synpases onto a post-ganglionic neuron within a peripheral ganglion
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12
Q

sympathetic pre-ganglionic neurons leave the spinal cord via

A

thoracic and upper lumbar segments T1-L2

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13
Q

where do synapse on post-ganglionic neurons within ganglia located

A

along sympathetic trunk

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14
Q

what does sympathetic division have

A

short pre-ganglionc neuron and a long post-ganglionic neuron

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15
Q

what does ganglia within the neck region supply

A

head and neck

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16
Q

where does parasympathetic pre-ganglionic neurons leave brainstem via

A

four of the cranial nerves

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17
Q

where does parasympathetic neurons also leave CNS via

A

sacral spinal cord (s2-s4)w

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18
Q

where do parasympathetic neurons synapse

A

on post-ganglionic neurons close to their target tissue

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19
Q

what does the parasympathetic division have

A
  • long.pre ganglionic neuron and short post-ganglionic neuron
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20
Q

where do pre-ganglionic sympathetic neurons arise from

A

lateral horn of the spinal cord and pass out through those ventral roots

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21
Q

where do parasympathetic neurons enter

A

sympathetic trunk via white rami communions

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22
Q

where do postganglionic sympathetic neurons exit via

A

gray ramus communicans

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23
Q

list the THREE sympathetic ganglia in cervical sympathetic trunk in neck

A
  • superior cervical ganglion (most superior)
  • middle cervical ganglion
  • inferior cervical ganglion > cervicothoracic ganglion
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24
Q

what do the TWO LOWER ganglia supplies structures in the neck

A
  • send post.ganglionic fibres which form plexus on cervical blood vessels
    eg: inferior thyroid artery
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25
what does the UPPER ganglion supplies structures in the neck and head
- send branches to adjacent cranial nerves in neck > HITCHHIKERS and gives rise to > PLEXUSES on carotid arteries
26
what are sympathetic fibres on the arterial plexus are then transmitted
cranial nervs
27
where do cranial nerves leave
LEAVE THE BRAINSTEM
28
Where do cranial nerves I-VI leave the skull via
foramina found in either anterior or middle cranial fossa
29
where does olfactory nerve leave skull via
cribiform plate
30
where does optic nerve leave via
optic canal
31
where does oculomotor nerve leave via
superior orbital fissure
32
where does trochlear nerve leave via
superior orbital fissure
33
where does trigeminal nerve leave via
terminal branches leave via SOF, foramen rotunum and foramen ovale
34
where does abducens nerve leave via
SOF
35
CRANIAL NERVES VII-XII leave skull via foramina found in
posterior cranial fossa
36
where does facial nerve leave via
internal acoustic meatus
37
where does vestibulocochlear nerve leave via
internal acoustic meatus
38
where does glossopharyngeal nerve leave via
jugular foramen
39
where does vagus nerve leave via
jugular foramen
40
where does accessory nerve leave v ia
jugular foramen
41
where does hypoglossal nerve leave via
hypoglossal canal
42
what do five cranial nerves contain
- sensory ganglia located either within the skull or just outside skull
43
what are the five cranial nerves which are sensory ganglia
- trigeminal nerve - facial nerve - vestibulocochlear nerve - glossopharyngeal - vagus
44
where does the pre-ganglionic parasympathetic neurons leave the brainstem via four cranial nerves
- oculomotor - facial - glossopharyngeal - vagus
45
where does oculomotor, facial, glossopharyngeal and vagus neurons synapse within
ganglia
46
trigeminal nerve arises from
brainstem (pons) as both sensory and somatic motor nervew
47
where does trigeminal nerve passes into
Meckel's cave located: between two layers of dura and into trigeminal ganglion (Sensory ganglion)
48
what does trigeminal nerve divide into three divisioins
- ophthalmic artery - maxillary - mandibular
49
where do divisions of trigeminal pass out of
middle cranial fossa via seperate foramina
50
what do branches trigeminal nerve often carry
parasympathetic and sympathetic hitch-hikers
51
where does the ophthalmic artery passes through and divides into what
passes through: SOF divides: three terminal branches - nasociliary (most medial and deep) - frontal (largest) - lacrimal (LATERAL) NFL
52
what is the nasociliary branch also connected to
ciliary ganglion parasympathetic ganglion of oculomotor nerve
53
where does maxillary division of trigeminal nerve passes through
- foramen rotundum into pterygopalatine fossa and then into orbital through inferior orbital fissure
54
what does maxillary division of trigeminal nerve arises as
- sensory nerve and later collects both sympathetic and parasympathetic hitch hikers into PTERYGOPALATINE FOSSA
55
Where does the maxillary division of trigeminal nerve passes out of
orbital through infraorbital foramen
56
where does the mandibular division of trigeminal nerve pass through
foramen ovale to supply muscles of mastication and skin of lower face
57
what does the mandibular division of T.N divides into once it exits the skull
- anterior division: motor - posterior division: sensory
58
where does glossopharyngeal nerve passes between
- middle and superior pharyngeal constrictors within stylopharyngeus muscle
59
where does vagus nerve lies in
closely associated with internal and common carotids
60
what does vagus nerve gives rise to
recurrent laryngeal nerve
61
where can spinal accessory nerve be found
- posterior triangle of neck between SCM and trapezius
62
where can hypoglossal nerve be found
- passing deep to intermediate tendon of digastric muscle
63
oculomotor nerve leaving the skull via
sof
64
trochlear nerve leaving the skull via
sof
65
trigeminal nerve leaving the skull via
- sof, foramen ovale and rotundum
66
abducents leaving the skull via
sof
67
facial nerve leaving the skull via
internal acoustic meatus
68
glossopharyngeal nerve leaving the skull via
jugular foramen
69
vestibulocochlear nerve leaving the skul via
internal acoustic meatus
70
vagus nerve leavig the skull leave via
jugular foramen
71
accessory nerve leaving the skull via
jugular foramen
72
hypoglossal nerve leaving the skull via
hypoglossal canal
73
trigeminal nerve ganglion
trigeminal ganglion
74
facial nerve ganglion
geniculate ganglion
75
vestibulocochlear nerve ganglion
spiral and vestibule
76
glossopharyngeal nerve ganglion
superior and inferior ganglion
77
vagus nerve ganglion
superior jugular and inferior nodose ganglion
78
where does trigeminal nerve pass through
meckels cave
79

ANAT3004 LECTURES (12 decks)

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