Week 4

Question 1

perception

Answer 1

process of taking neural signal and creating a psychological reality

Question 2

physical world <-> psychological world

Answer 2

action

Question 3

physical world <-> neural world

Answer 3

trasduction

Question 4

neural world <-> psychological world

Answer 4

perception

Question 5

psychophysics

Answer 5

relationship between physical & psychological world (via the neural world)

Question 6

chemoreceptros

Answer 6

neurons at the top of the nose

Question 7

how we smell

Answer 7

molecules that are a shape going to attach themselves to receptors of the same shape

Question 8

ethene

Answer 8

some molecules don’t have a receptor and are odorless

Question 9

light

Answer 9

is a wavelength - different colours dependent on wavelength

Question 10

light actually

Answer 10

electromagnetic radiation - different wavelengths of radiation

Question 11

big waves

Answer 11

microwaves, radio waves, infrared waves

Question 12

small waves

Answer 12

ultraviolet waves, x-rays, gamma waves, cosmic waves

Question 13

how we see

Answer 13

middle of the wave spectrum: what we see as colour
we see because we have receptors in our eye that take that radiation and turn it into colour

Question 14

temperature

Answer 14

minds interpretation of kinetic energy

Question 16

humans sound

Answer 16

64Hz - 23000 Hz

Question 17

physical world –> psychological world

Answer 17

wavelength - colour
kinetic energy - temperature
chemical shapes - aromas
vibrations - texture
frequency - pitch
amplitude - loudness
tissue damage - pain

Question 18

methods to test limations of sensation and perception

Answer 18

single-cell recording
MRI
brain stimulation
ERG
behaivoural methods

Question 19

absolute threshold

Answer 19

how low/far can you go

Question 20

discrimination threshold

Answer 20

can you tell the difference

Question 21

false alarm

Answer 21

nothing there but they say they can see it

Question 22

miss

Answer 22

something is there but they can’t see it

Question 23

signal detection theory: sensitivity

Answer 23

high hit rate and low false alarm rate

Question 24

response bias

Answer 24

more/less biased in responding to the task

Question 25

signal detection theory

Answer 25

allows us to separate sensitivity from response bias

Question 26

discrimination threshold depends on

Answer 26

how big/strong/bright etc the original stimulus was

Question 26

Just noticable difference

Answer 26

smallest perceivable difference - discrimination threshold

Question 26

Weber's Law

Answer 26

discrimination threshold increases proportionally to baseline/reference stimulus 4/50 = 8/100 = 16/200 = 0.8

Question 27

fovea

Answer 27

looking at something straight on has lots of cones

Question 28

cones

Answer 28

respond to different wavelengths (red/green/blue) high resolution/low sensitivity

Question 29

rods

Answer 29

in the periphery of the eye responds to light of all wavelengths high sensitivity/low resolution are colour blind

Question 30

3 types of cones

Answer 30

short - blue medium - green long - red

Question 31

trichromatic theory of vision

Answer 31

depending on what cones get activated the brain works what colour is what

Question 32

one type of cone

Answer 32

monochromat, very rare

Question 33

two types of cone

Answer 33

dichromat

Question 34

all 3 cones

Answer 34

"normal" trichromat

Question 35

Ishihara plates

Answer 35

test for colour blindness

Question 36

dark adaptation

Answer 36

transition of retina from light-adapted to dark-adapted state

Question 37

perceptual constancy

Answer 37

objects maintain their properties even when the context changes their physical characteristics

Question 38

light constancy

Answer 38

our brains take the shadows into account when creating the perception of light & dark