Week 3: Women as Patients Flashcards

1
Q

Mnemonic used for possible thromboembolic events (women taking birth control/HRT are at high risk for)

A
ACHES
A- Abdominal pain
C- Chest pain
H- Headaches
E- Eye problems - change in vision
S- Severe leg pain
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2
Q

Pharmacodynamic differences in women

A
  • increased volume distribution of some drugs (opiods, warfarin/ASA, antipsychotics, antiretroviral drugs) due to increased adipose tissue
  • this causes increased effectiveness/increased drug response - but also increased risk of ADR/toxicity
  • Increased rate of metabolism for CYP450 3A4 substrates and decrease rate of metabolism for CYP 1A2 and CYP 2D6 substrates
  • increased bioavailability/effectiveness increases the risk of toxicity (Lithium)
  • If a drug has an increased risk of toxicity in general - will be even higher risk in women
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3
Q

What is important to always keep in mind when treating female patients?

A
  • In women of childbearing age - the possibility of pregnancy - pregnancy status
  • Risk for violence - every female should be screened
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4
Q

1st line treatment for dysmenoria

A

NSAIDs due to anti-prostaglandin properties

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5
Q

What types of drugs would be more likely to pass through the placenta?

A
  • Lipophilic
  • Non-ionized
  • Lower molecular weight
  • Low protein binding
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6
Q

What characteristic of breast milk is important to keep in mind?

A

Breast milk is more acidic - basic drugs will be more concentrated in breast milk - acidic drugs will be less concentrated in breast milk (think ion-trapping)
The higher the drug concentration in maternal plasma, the higher the concentration in breast milk
Use lowest therapeutic dose possible.

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7
Q

What can cause suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis?

A

disordered eating and overexercise - leads to reduction of estrogen levels -> amenorrhea and decreased bone mineralization

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8
Q

Pharmacokinetic changes in pregnancy

A
  • increased drug absorption from lungs and skin
  • increased plasma volume - affects volume of distribution
  • increased drug clearance
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9
Q

When treating a woman in menopause with HRT, if the woman has a uterus, what type of HRT should be used and why?

A

HRT containing both estrogen and progesterone - decreases the risk of endometrial cancer

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