Week 3: Pediatric Patients Flashcards

1
Q

Drug absorption differences in Pediatric patients

A
  • absorption of drugs are unpredictable d/t larger small intestinal surface area
  • decreased gastric acidity - Increased bioavailability of acid-labile compounds (beta-lactams) - increased absorption of basic drugs (diazepam and theophylline) in a more basic environment - absorption of more acidic drugs (phenobarbital) is decreased
  • increased skin permeability - enhanced absorption of topical medications
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2
Q

Drug distribution in premature neonates and neonates patients

A
  • decreased plasma proteins - more free drug

- decreased blood brain barrier

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3
Q

Drug metabolism differences in pediatric patients

A

Neonates through infancy - liver is immature - phase I enzymes are still developing so action of drugs will be decreased

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4
Q

Drug excretion in pediatric patients

A
  • neonates through infancy - renal elimination is decreased/decreased GFR - drugs that are renally excreted clear slower - increased risk of toxicity
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5
Q

Pediatric medication administration

A
  • Important to teach parents about the storage of drugs and how to administer drugs
  • for infants/toddlers - liquid medications that are palatable with higher concentration in a smaller amount of volume - given with a syringe for more accurate dosing - fewest doses/day as possible
  • These are vulnerable patients - more prone to potential ADR - unable to tell you how they feel
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