Week 3: Pediatric Patients Flashcards
1
Q
Drug absorption differences in Pediatric patients
A
- absorption of drugs are unpredictable d/t larger small intestinal surface area
- decreased gastric acidity - Increased bioavailability of acid-labile compounds (beta-lactams) - increased absorption of basic drugs (diazepam and theophylline) in a more basic environment - absorption of more acidic drugs (phenobarbital) is decreased
- increased skin permeability - enhanced absorption of topical medications
2
Q
Drug distribution in premature neonates and neonates patients
A
- decreased plasma proteins - more free drug
- decreased blood brain barrier
3
Q
Drug metabolism differences in pediatric patients
A
Neonates through infancy - liver is immature - phase I enzymes are still developing so action of drugs will be decreased
4
Q
Drug excretion in pediatric patients
A
- neonates through infancy - renal elimination is decreased/decreased GFR - drugs that are renally excreted clear slower - increased risk of toxicity
5
Q
Pediatric medication administration
A
- Important to teach parents about the storage of drugs and how to administer drugs
- for infants/toddlers - liquid medications that are palatable with higher concentration in a smaller amount of volume - given with a syringe for more accurate dosing - fewest doses/day as possible
- These are vulnerable patients - more prone to potential ADR - unable to tell you how they feel