Week 10: Sulfonamides, Trimethoprim, and Nitrofurantoin Flashcards
1
Q
Sulfonamides/Trimethoprim MOA
A
Sulfonamides block folic acid synthesis
Trimethoprim inhibits DNA synthesis
2
Q
Sulfamethoxazole and Trimethoprim (Bactrim) Indications
A
- UTI (1st line)
- Community acquired MRSA (2nd line)
3
Q
Sulfonamides and Trimethoprim cautions/CIs
A
- Sulfa allergy
- G6PD
- Not for use in pregnancy
- Avoid in pediatrics < 2 months old
4
Q
Sulfonamides/Trimethoprim ADRs
A
- photosensitivity
- hyperkalemia
- SJS
- H/A, dizziness
- nephrotoxicity
5
Q
Nitrofurantoin MOA/Indications
A
May inhibit acetyl coenzymes - interferes with bacterial protein synthesis, cell wall synthesis, and aerobic energy metabolism
Indications: uncomplicated UTI (1st line)
6
Q
Nitrofurantoin ADRs
A
- urine discoloration (orange/brown color)
- hemolytic anemia
- peripheral neuropathy
7
Q
Nitrofurantoin cautions/CIs
A
- avoid if CrCl < 30mL/min
- avoid in G6PD
- avoid in late pregnancy (38-42wks) and lactation when infant is < 1 month old
- avoid in infants < 1 mo old (risk of neonatal hemolytic anemia)
