Week 3 - D - Developmental Milestones

Question 1

What milestones should be achieved by 6 weeks? (all 4 sections)

Answer 1

Gross motor skills - Head control in vertical Fine motor and vision - Follows torch with eyes Language and hearing - Stills to voice Social skills and play - Social smile

Question 2

What milestones should be reached by 3 months?

Answer 2

Gross motor skills - No head lag on pulling to sit Fine motor and vision - Regards hands held in midline Language and hearing - Begins to vocalise Social skills and play - Reacts pleasurably to familiar situations

Question 3

What milestones should be reached by 6 months?

Answer 3

Gross motor skills - Pushes up on arms on prone and weight bears on legs Fine motor and vision - Grasps toys with palmar grasp and transfers from hand to hand Language and hearing - Babbles, screams when annoyed Social skills and play -Still friendly around strangers

Question 4

What milestones should be reached by 9 months?

Answer 4

Gross motor skills - crawls and stands holding onto furniture, also sits unsupported Fine motor and vision - holds toys in a scissor grip Language and hearing - imitates sounds Social skills and play - anxious around strangers

Question 5

What milestones should be reached by 12 months?

Answer 5

Gross motor skills - able to walk/cruise around furniture Fine motor and vision - fine pincer grip Language and hearing - can say 1-3 words and knows name Social skills and play - can drink from cup

Question 6

What milestones should be reached by 18months?

Answer 6

Gross motor skills - able to run, climbs onto adult chair Fine motor and vision - builds tower of 3 bricks Language and hearing - can say 5-20, points to body parts Social skills and play - can feed from spoon, mimics adults

Question 7

What milestones should be reached by 2 years?

Answer 7

Gross motor skills - climbing stairs 2feet per tread Fine motor and vision - build blocks of 6-7 bricks Language and hearing - able to say 50+ words Social skills and play - symbolic play eg feeding teddy

Question 8

What milestones should be reached by 3 years?

Answer 8

Gross motor skills - Climbs stairs with alternating feet Fine motor and vision - builds towers of 9bricks and copies circle Language and hearing - asks lots of questions Social skills and play - understands sharing with others and washes hands

Question 9

What milestones should be achieved by 4 years?

Answer 9

Gross motor skills - able to hop Fine motor and vision - builds tower of 12 bricks, draws a man Language and hearing - Say 5+ words in a sentence Social skills and play - understands turn taking

Question 10

There are a few red flags in development When is it a red flag if the child is not reaching for objects? Not sitting unsupported?

Answer 10

Not reaching for objects at 6 months is red flag Not sitting unsupported at 12 months is a red flag

Question 11

If at 18 months a child is unable to walk, what should you suspect and what should you measure?

Answer 11

Suspect duchenne’s muscular dystrophy and measure creatine kinase

Question 12

What is a type of disorder causing global developmental delay?

Answer 12

Down’s syndrome - trisomy 21

Question 13

What are features of Down’s syndrome? (face, hands and feet)

Answer 13

Frontal bossing Flat nose Wide space between eyes Protruding tongue Single palmar crease Wide space between 1st and 2nd metatarsal heads

Question 14

What increases the risk facotr of Downs syndrome? How is it diagnosed after birth?

Answer 14

Increasing age of mother Diagnosed by genetic karyotyping

Question 15

What are two causes of motor delays in a child?

Answer 15

Duchenne muscular dystrophy and cerebral palsy

Question 16

What is the gene in DMD and what is the sign on standing?

Answer 16

Dystrophin gene - Gower’s sign on standing Can cause infertility

Question 17

What mode of inheritance is DMD?

Answer 17

X-linkedrecessive

Question 18

• Affects development of face, ossicles and ears • Hearing loss due to conducting problems What is this?

Answer 18

Treacher-Collins syndrome

Question 19

What is thee triad of autism?

Answer 19

• Impaired Communication • Impaired Social interaction • Impaired Flexibility of thought/ Imagination

Question 20

Maximum limits before red flags At what age should a child have a social smile? At what age should a child sit unsupported? At what age should a child be reaching for objects? At what age should a child be walking and talking? State the normal ages for each

Answer 20

Scoial smile - normal = 6 weeks, max = 8 weeks Sit unsupported - normal= 9months, max = 12 months Reaching for objects - 6 months (not sure normal) Walking and talking - normal walking 12 months, normal words 12 months (1-3+), max = 18 months

Question 21

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Answer 21

1. B - delayed gross motor development
2. I - concern about language/hearing development
3. C - Global developmental delay

Question 22

At what age should the baby develop head control?

Answer 22

Head control in vertical - 6 weeks No head lag on pulling to sit - 3 months

Question 23

At what age should a baby start to crawl?

Answer 23

9months

Question 24

At what age should a baby develop a social smile?

Answer 24

6 weeks

Question 25

At what age should a child be able to stand/walk?

Answer 25

12 months

Question 26

At what age should a child be able to draw a triangle?

Answer 26

5 years

Question 27

At what age should a child be able to build a tower of 3 blocks?

Answer 27

18 months

Question 28

At what age should a child be able to use two or more words to make simple phrases?

Answer 28

2 years - this is language and hearing Child also knows 50+ words now