Week 1 - B - Nutrition in children Flashcards
What are the phases of growth in children and what leads the growth?
Foetus - insulin led
Infant - nutrient led
Child - growth hormone led
Pubertal - sex and steroid hormone led
What is the reference nutrient intake (RNI) for protein for ages 4-18 months?
12.7-14.5 g per day
What are the dietary sources of vitamin A?
What is it required for?
Cheese eggs and yoghurt
Required for healthy, skin, teeth, mucous membrane and produces pigments in the retina of the eye so helps with vision
What are the two fat soluble vitamins?
Vitamin A and vitamin K
What vitamin is required for the synthesis of collagen and what are the dietary sources of this vitamin?
Vitamin C
Found in citrus fruits
What are signs of vitamin C deficiecny?
Poor wound healing, easy bruising and bleeding gums
What is the main source of vitamin D and what are signs of a vitamin D deficiency?
Main source is from the sun however is also obtained in the diet
Required for calcium use from the diet and therefore rickets and ostemolacia are signs of deficiency
What are the UK physical activity guidelines for children under 5 capable of walking?
180 minutes throughout the day
Minimise time spent sedentary for extended periods (except sleeping)
For children aged 5-18 years of age, how much exercise should be carried out per day? (how much high intensity exercise per week)
At least 60 minutes of moderate intensity exercise per day with 3 days of each week being high intensity (vigorous)
How long is exclusive breastfeeding recommended for a child?
For at least the first 6months of life
What immunoglobulin is provided in breast milk and what can stopping breastfeeding before 6months increase the chances of?
IgA is found in breast milk
Stopping breastfeeding can predispose to obesity
If giving an infant first foods before 6 months of age, what should you make sure they are free from?
Gluten free
Who does the transition in an infant/child from being fed, to feeding self (supplied food) to finding food depend on?
Depends on the carer
At school age you learn to be independent and develop eating patterns
At adolescence you Attain independence & ability to parent
What are some key vulnerabilities to an adolescent?
Eating disorder
Obesity
Early pregnancy
In developmental milestones, at what month should a child be able to drink from a cup and feed with a spoon?
What category for development is this?
Should be able to drink from a cup at 12 months of age
Feeds from spoon at 18months of age
These both fall into the social skills and play category
