Week 3: Before you were born (in utero) Flashcards
- What is AMA? Is it increasing or decreasing?
- What is AMA leading to an increase of?
- Advanced maternal age (mothers over 35 getting preg), it is increasing
- increase in human assisted reproductive techniques
Describe 3 human assisted reproductive techniques
- fertility drugs
- cryopreservation
- artificial insemination
define each term:
a) antenatal
b) pregnancy
c) prenatal
d) postpartum
a) period of conception to postpartum
b) condition when a women’s body is nurturing a developing embryo or fetus
c) transforming a zygote into a newborn
d) condition after birth
what is the period of time for each trimester and what is a basic overview of what occurs in each?
1st trimester = zygote implementation to 12 weeks
2nd trimester = 12-24 weeks. can feel it moving
3rd trimester = 24+ weeks. increased emotional attachment
what are the key issues in each trimester
look at notes
what trimester(s) are each issue experienced in?
a) high blood pressure
b) gestational diabetes
c) preeclampsia
d) Rh incompatibility
e) miscarriage
f) premature birth
g) excessive weight gain
h) malnutrition
i) bladder infection
j) bleeding
a) 1-3
b) 2
c) 3
d) 2
e) 1-2
f) 2-3
g) 2
h) 1
i) 3
j) 1-3
What increases a mothers risk of developing preeclampsia? It is only present in mothers during pregnancy?
first preg, AMA mothers, obesity, past family history. No it can occur after pregnancy too
- What does preeclampia result in?
- Can it be treated/fixed?
- hypertension = high blood pressure
- kidney/organ damage
- abnormal placenta with less blood flow
- fetal death
- eclampsia
- hypertension = high blood pressure
- no must deliver the baby
- Define age of viability? What is the age of viability in Ontario?
- as the age of viability has decreased the ________ rates has increased
- the age that doctors can intervene and without harming the baby, 23 weeks
- survival rates
describe prenatal behaviour for the whole pregnancy period
look at notes
What period (time frame) of prenatal development does each behaviour occur?
a) eyebrows and nails
b) recognition of mother’s voice
c) urination
d) viability is possible
e) vernix produced
f) movement to head down
g) heartbeat
h) respond to light
i) hair follicles
j) surfactant from lungs
k) antibodies needed from mother
a) 17-20
b) 25-28
c) 9-12
d) 21-24
e) 21-24
f) 33-36
g) 17-20
h) 17-20
i) 13-16
j) 21-24
k) 28-32
Describe the difference between female vs male fetuses
female = more sensitive to external stim, advance more rapidly with skeletal development
male = physically active in the womb, more vulnerable to prenatal problems, more likely to be spontaneously aborted or have birth defects
What are 3 issues that could occur prenatal development that could affect the child? Give examples
- genetic disorders: autosomal recessive, autosomal dominant, sex linked recessive
- chromosomal errors: trisomy, sex chromosome errors
- teratogens: Obesity, alcohol, smoking, marijuana, anxiety, depression
- Give examples of the 3 types of genetic disorders
- give examples of the 2 types of chromosomal errors
- autosomal dominant = huntington’s, autosomal recessive = sickle cell, sex linked recessive = colour blindness
- trisomy = 3 extra chromsomes, sex chromsome errors = turner’s syndrome
Explain the effects of the 6 teratogens
obesity = gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, stillbirth, and congenital abnormalities, heart disease, hypertension –> mother, and for the child its obesity and heart disease
alcohol = fetal alcohol syndrome, developmental disabilities, facial issues, growth problems, attachment issues
smoking = preterm birth, mouth and lip issues, SIDS, lung damage
marijuana = hyperactivity, inattention, depression risk
depression = miscarriage, preterm birth, low birth weight, postpartum depression
anxiety = low birth weight, lower APGAR score
