Week 3

Question 1

What are the two main types of headaches?

Answer 1

primary

secondary (red flag headaches)

Question 2

What is a migrane headache?

Answer 2

affects one side of the head

• mostly unilateral
• gradual onset
• mod to severe intensity
• duration 4-72 hours

Question 3

WHat are the types of primary headaches?

Answer 3

• migranes
• tension
• cluster
• sinus
• hormonal

Question 4

what is a tension headache?

Answer 4

tightness across forehead

• more muscular
• location - Bilateral (around forehead)
• characteristic - pressure or tightness

Question 5

What is a cluster headache?

Answer 5

focus around the eye

• group of idiopathic headaches
• location - always unilateral (around eye)
• pain begins quickly
• deep pain
• continuous/ excruciating and explosive pain
• duration 30min - 3 hours

associated with trigeminal nerve

Question 6

what are some symptoms of a migrane?

Answer 6

nausea
vomiting
photophobia
phonophobia
aura
sensitivity to smell and touch

Question 7

What causes secondary headaches?

Answer 7

result of serious underlying medical conditions

Question 8

what is the acronyn for the signs and symptoms of secondary headaches?

Answer 8

SNOOP

Question 9

What does the acronyn snoop stand for?

Answer 9

S- systemic symtpoms
N - neurological symptoms
O - Onset new (age >40) or sudden (thinderclap)
O - Other associated conditions of features
P - previous headache history with headache progression or change

Question 10

What are some examples of secondary headache causes?

Answer 10

• intracranial haemorrhage
• Giant cell artritis (temporal artritis)
• internal corotid dissection

Question 11

WHat are the signs and symptoms of a migrane headache?

Answer 11

• nausea and vomiting
• sensitivity to light
• sensitivity to sound
• affected vision, such as an aura
• sensitivity to smell and touch
• numbness of the face or extremities (hands and feet).

Question 12

What are the triggers for a migrane headache?

Answer 12

• diet – cheese, chocolate, citrus fruits, alcohol (especially red wine)
• sleep – too little or too much
• menstrual cycle
• physiochemical – excessive heat, light, noise or certain chemicals
• emotional causes – stress, excitement or fatigue
• relaxation (weekend migraines) – often triggered by a period of stress and overwork followed by relaxation.

Question 13

What is the treatment for a migrane headache?

Answer 13

• avoiding the trigger factors – this can be difficult, since migraines are often triggered by a combination of
  factors
• medication – including pain-relieving medication and medication to alter pressure on blood vessels
• preventative treatment – medication taken on a daily basis to reduce the number of attacks
• non-medication therapies – including acupuncture, biofeedback, goggles, hypnotherapy, exclusion diets,
  relaxation, yoga, meditation, herbal or homeopathic remedies.

Question 14

WHAT ARE SOME POSSIBLE DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS FOR A MIGRANE HEADACHE?

Answer 14

• subarachnoid haemorrhage
• intracerebral haemorrhage
• ischaemic stroke
• systemic viral infection
• rhinosinusitis