Week 3 Flashcards
Simple reaction time
-a task that involves reacting to one stimulus
-gives a measure of processing time
Parallel processing
-multiple tasks at the same time
Serial processing
-one task performed before the other
Stimulus identification
-first the individual must perceive the stimulus
-then the stimulus must be sensed and processed
Sensation
-involves the activation of sensory receptors
Perception
-involves interpreting those sensations
What is stimulus detection affected by
-stimulus clarity
-stimulus intensity
-factors such as time, distractions, caffeine intake, fatigue etc
Choice R-T
-a reaction time task wherein the participant is presented with more than one possible stimulus and the required response is dependent on that stimulus
Hicks law
-the time it takes to make a response is related to the number of stimulus response alternatives
Shape of hicks law line
-log linear
Bits of information
-binary digit
-least amount of binary decisions
What is the y-intercept experimentally
-RT when you are only at 0 bits
-the simple reaction time
What is the slope experimentally
-amount of time that adding 1 bit of info adds to your choice RT
How many bits do simple RT tasks take
-0 bits `
How many bits do go/no-go tasks take
-0 bits
How many bits do choice RT tasks take
-1 or more bits
Which task has the fastest reaction times
-simple RT
Which task has the slowest reaction times
-choice RT
Simple RT (donder’s subtractive method)
-response programming
Choice RT (donder’s subtractive method)
-stimulus identification, response selection, response programming
Go/No-go (donder’s subtractive method)
-stimulus identification, response programming
Simon effect
-irrelevant spatial features have effects on reaction time
-if the opposite word “right or left” is played in the wrong ear it messes the person up
Response programming
-transformation/translation of the action concept into the muscular actions that will achieve a goal
Movement complexities
-accuracy requirement
-movement components
-movement duration
Accuracy requirement
-the size of the goal
Movement components
-how many individual movements
Movement duration
-how much time from beginning to end
Motor programs
-a prestructured set of movement commands that defines the essential details of a skilled action
Criticism of motor programs
-storage problem
-degrees of freedom problem
Storage problem
-imagine if every movement was a distinct motor program-it would require much more space to store them all
Degrees of freedom problem
-there are too many degrees of freedom to control (to many moving parts)
Dynamical systems theory
-stereotypes similarities of movement patterns are not represented in motor programs but emerge naturally due to complex mechanics
Different types of anticipation
-temporal anticipation
-spatial anticipation
Temporal anticipation
-when anticipation
Spatial anticipation
-what anticipation
Precuing
-precuing any variable leads to a decrease in reaction time
Startle response
-a startling tone has been shown to trigger a prepared movement at short latency
