Week 11 Flashcards
Abilities
-stable traits that underlie/support persons skill
Prediction of motor ability
-one study found that bimanual coordination and reaction time predicted transfer performance
-found that individual differences in perceptual motor ability may predict learning
Motor aptitude test
-to determine how individuals will respond to practice
3 main areas of concern for people looking to take on individual differences research
-differences in initial performance
-differences in the rate of skill acquisition
-differences in maximum skill levels
Types of transfer
-positive
-negative
Positive transfer
-experience helps the learner perform the new skill
Negative transfer
-experience ay hamper the performance of the new skill (driving on opposite side of the road than usual)
Pre-post design
-performance prior to acquisition is compared to performance in retention and transfer
-uses a difference score
Low difference score
-less improvement
High difference score
-more improvement
Difference score
=RMSEpost - RMSEpre
Three phase theory
-3 phases that affect learning
Phase 1
-initial learning stage
-strong attentional and cognitive demands
Phase 2
-integration and consolidation
-perceptual speed and comparison and contrast abilities
Phase 3
-skilled performance becomes more proceduralized
-more movement fluidity is achieved and attentional demands are reduced
Support for deliberate practice
-although there are differences in improvements, everyone gets better
-invest in everyone
-greater pool of players elicits a higher chance of generating an environment that promotes motor skill acquisition
Sound induced flash illusion
-people are more accurate at predicting blinks when there is corresponding beeps
-blinks with beeps that do not match will make people think there is more blinks than there actually is
Psychometric curve
-stimulus intensity at threshold is the intensity at 50%
Signal detection theory
-we can model probability distributions as signal and noise
Stimulus criterion
-if the perceived intensity is greater than the criterion stimulus is detected
-if perceived intensity is less than criterion stimulus is not detected
Possible stimulus identification outcomes
-hit
-false alarm
-correct rejections
-miss
Hit
-stimulus was presented and individual detected it
False alarm
-stimulus was detected when there was no stimulus
Correct rejection
-there was no stimulus and no stimulus was detected
Miss
-there was no stimulus but a stimulus was detected
More liberal criteria
-more hits than correct rejections
More conservative criteria
-more correct rejections than hits
Calculating dā
-dā = Z (for the number of hits) - Z (for the number of FA)
AV thresholds and perceptual binding
-investigated individuals differences of perception in mcgurk stimulus could be related to variability in temporal binding window
Visual cortex activation
-high performers showed more during drawing than low performers
