Week 2: Nervous System Drugs Flashcards
Define adrenergic (sympathomimetic) agents
They mimic the sympathetic system of the ANS
What is a Mimetic
to imitate
what are some side effects of adrenergics
tachycardia
hypertension
cardiac arrhythmia
define adrenergic blocking agents
they block the alpha/ beta receptors of the sympathetic nervous system
limited use in veterinary medicine
what are adverse side effects of the adrenergic blocker acepromazine
seizures
Define anticholinergic
block the actions of the parasympathetic nervous system
what is the mechanism of action (MOA) of opioids
they block nocioceptors (brain & spinal cord)
What are the pain receptor regulators
Mu
kappa
sigma
delta
of the 4 pain receptor regulators, which one are we the most concerned about and why
The “Mu” receptor
because it is the major receptor on pain regulating centers
what are the 2 naturally occurring opioids we use in vet med
opium (aka camphorated tincture of opium) (CIII) Morphine sulfate (CII)
how do opioid antagonists work
they displace narcotic molecules and prevent further narcotic binding at the receptors
define tranquilizer
medicine taken to reduce tension or anxiety
What are the three groups of tranquilizers
Phenothiazine Derivative Group
Benzodiazepine Group
Alpha 2 Agonist Group
what are tricyclic antidepressants used for
behavior modification
Name some reasons why people seek meds for behavior modification in their pets
antidepressant aggression OCD Inappropriate barking destructive rage inappropriate elimination
What does SSRI stand for
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor
what is the purpose of anticonvulsants
stop or prevent seizures
What is a severe seizure called and what do these seizures consist of
Grand Mal
fall over, deficate, scream, unconscious
what is a mild seizure called and what do they consist of
Petit Mal
no unconsciousness, signs but no symptoms
What is Status Epilepticus
and what is the go to drug for this
seizure will not stop
Valium (CIV)
What drug is used for neonatal respiratory stimulation and how is it administered
Doxapram
under the tongue
What is the Lilly’s BOND program
behavior modification program
Why cant you use behavior modification drugs on epileptics
they lower seizure threshold
What is the main objective with Euthanasia drugs
Humane, quick cerebral death then cardiorespiratory collaps
What is the veterinarians drug of choice for euthenasia
Pentobarbital
what is the acceptable and preferred means of euthanasia for horses
what is conditionally accepted
pentobarbital
gunshot or penetrating captive bolt
