Week 1: Veterinary Drug Development Use & Prescribing

Question 0

What does NADA stand for and what does it consist of

Answer 0

New animal drug application

Four steps of drug approval
Is the drug working? Is it safe?

Question 1

What does AMDUCA stand for and what does it do?

Answer 1

Animal medicinal drug use clarification act

Clears use for “extra label” applications
Important given small size of animal health market

Question 2

What are the four steps of drug approval?

Answer 2

Preliminary studies
Pre clinical studies
Clinical trials 
(FDA approval)
Post approval monitoring and reporting

Question 3

What does the state boards of pharmacy do?

Answer 3

Most relevant for us
Makes sure rules are being followed, care about cleanliness, paperwork, inventory control, involved with monitoring prescriptions and frequency

Question 4

What does the FDA do?

Answer 4

Food and Drug Administration

regulate feed animal drugs

Question 5

What does the DEA do?

Answer 5

Drug Enforcement Administration

Regulates controlled drugs, based on addictive potential

Question 6

What does the EPA do?

Answer 6

Environmental protection administration

Pesticides (like flea and tick drugs)

Question 7

What does the USDA do?

Answer 7

United States Department of Agriculture

Biologics
Regulates substances made from a living source
vaccines and serums

Question 8

What does APHIS stand for?

Answer 8

Animal plant health inspection service

Question 9

What are some places you can get information about drugs?

Answer 9

Manufacturer’s package inserts
Veterinary Red Book Veterinary Physicians Desk Reference
VPB Veterinary Pharmaceuticals and Biological

Question 10

What is the chemical name of a drug

Answer 10

the molecule

Question 11

What is the generic name of a drug

Answer 11

Common name for the molecule

Question 12

What are some characteristics of the patent holders trade name?

Answer 12

Patents run 17 years before expiration

Exclusive marketing rights may be less than 17 years

Question 13

What does Rx mean?

Answer 13

Prescription

Question 14

What does a “C” with Roman numerals indicate about a drug?

Answer 14

It is a controlled substance

Question 15

What is a composition statement?

Answer 15

Describes the physical and chemical properties of the active drug

Question 16

What is clinical pharmacology?

Answer 16

Modes and mechanisms of actions

Question 17

What is ADME stand for when dealing with pharmacokinetics?

Answer 17

Administration
Distribution
Metabolism and bio transformation
Excretions pathways and rates

Question 18

What is LD50?

Answer 18

Lethal dose of 50% of patients

Question 19

What is ED50?

Answer 19

Effective dose in 50% of patients

Question 20

What do low numbers mean in a therapeutic index?

What do high numbers mean?

Answer 20

Low: unsafe drug
High: safer drug

Question 21

How do you calculate the therapeutic index?

Answer 21

LD50/ED50

Question 22

What is a contraindication?

Answer 22

Reason a drug should not be used

Question 23

What are precautions?

Answer 23

Situations in which the drug should be used with caution

Question 24

What are warnings?

Answer 24

Situations for known serious problems

Doesn’t make sense.. It was in the notes

Question 25

What are adverse reactions or side effects?

Answer 25

undesirable reactions

Question 26

What is dispensing?

Answer 26

Providing go-home or leave-behind Rx meds

Question 27

What is a prescription?

Answer 27

An order to a pharmacist to provide a non OTC medication to a patient

Question 28

What are some examples of schedule I controlled substances

Answer 28

Heroin
LSD
Marijuana
Peyote
Methaqualone
Ecstasy

Question 29

Describe schedule I controlled substances

Answer 29

No medical purpose , high potential for abuse

Question 30

Describe schedule II controlled substances

Answer 30

medical purpose , high potential for abuse

Question 31

What group of controlled substances needs paperwork to retrieve?

Answer 31

CII

Question 32

What are some examples of opiate drugs in schedule CII

Answer 32

Hydromorphone (dilaudid)
Methadone (dolophine)
Meperidine (Demerol)
Oxycodone (OxyContin)
Oxycodone+acetaminophen (Percocet)
Morphine
Cocaine
Opium
Codeine

Question 34

What are some examples of non opiates in schedule CII

Answer 34

Amphetamine (Dexedrine, Adderall)
Methamphetamine (desoxyn)
Methylphenidate (Ritalin)

Question 35

What are some examples of CII for sedation?

Answer 35

Amobarbital (Amytal) (“Truth serum”)
Glutethimide (Doriden)
Pentobarbital (Nembutal)

Question 36

Describe schedule CIII drugs?

Answer 36

medical purpose , low potential for abuse

Question 37

What does “-V” mean on a drug label?

Answer 37

Veterinary use

Question 38

Describe schedule CIV drugs?

Answer 38

Low potential for abuse

Question 39

Describe schedule V drugs

Answer 39

Low potential for abuse and consist primarily of preparations containing limited quantities of certain narcotics

Question 40

What should a prescriptions label show?

Answer 40

• Name and address of dispenser
• Clients name
• Animals name and species
• Drug name, strength, and quantity
• Date of order
• Directions for use
• Any refill information
• Warning stickers appropriate to the class of drug

Question 41

Do both the ointment tubes and their containers need labels on them?

Answer 41

Yes

Question 42

Can CVT’s refill a prescription without the approval of a vet?

Answer 42

Only if the drug is “refill as prn”

Question 43

What are some examples of CIII drugs? (non-narcotics)

Answer 43

Benzphetamine (Didrex)

Ketamine (Vetalar, Ketaset,Ketaject)

Question 44

What are some examples of CIV drugs?

Answer 44

Alprazolam (Xanax)
Carisoprodol (soma)
Midazolam (Versed H)
Diazepam (Valium)
Clonazepam (Klonopin)
Triazolam (Halcion)
Butorphanol (Torbugesic)

Question 45

What are some examples of schedule V drugs?

Answer 45

Cough preparations containing <200 mg codeine/100 mL
Robitussin AC
Phenergan with codeine