week 2

Question 1

intelligence

Answer 1

• phenotyic behavioral trait
• > observce actions only through behaviours
• the acuired repertoire of all cognitive skills and knowledge available to a person at a particular point in time
• > stored and retrieved by organism and manifests in behaviours
• there are both genetic and environmental determinants

Question 2

correlates of intelligence

Answer 2

• intelligence scores exhibit a modest degree of correlation among relatives
• > closer relatives, stronger the correlations

Question 3

problems of intelligence

Answer 3

• > influenced by the genetic shoot that produces it
• > development occurs differently, as changing environments
• > opportunity is not equal amount subgroups / individuals

Question 4

personality traits

Answer 4

• distinguishing personal characteristics
• stable characteristic
• cardinal, central and secondary

Question 5

personality

Answer 5

• a combination of traits that classifies an individuals behaviour

Question 6

traits of personality dimension

Answer 6

O - openness to experience
-> degree of intellectual curiousity

C - conscientiousness
-> tendency to show self-discipline, act dutifully, aim for achievement

E - Extraversion
-> energy, positive emotions,

A - Agreeableness
-> tendency to be compassionate and co-operative rather than suspicsious and antagonistic

N - Neuroticism
-> tendency to experience unpleasant emotions easily

Question 7

predictive power

Answer 7

• only conscientiousness is reliably related to job performance and training performance
• emotional stability
• openness to experience and extroversion related to training but not job performance

Question 8

meyers briggs type inventory

Answer 8

ETSP’s solve problems take action etc.
-> often prefer to work with practical organizational issues

lacks

• > reliability
• > predictive validity

Question 9

describe personality and discuss how the big 5 personality dimensions and 4 mbti types relate to individual behaviour in organisations

Answer 9

personality
-> enduring pattern of thoughts, emotions and behaviours that characterise a person

traits

• > broad concepts
• > allow us to label and understand individual differences
• personality is developed through nature and nurture
• big 5 is …
• MBTI
• >

Question 10

summarise schwartz’ model of individual values and discuss the conditions in which values influence behaviour

Answer 10

values

• > what we ought to do
• > opposed to another
• > socilaization

personality traits

• > what we tend to do
• > do not oppose another
• > more innate

Schwartz’s model
-> 57 values into a circumplex of 10 dimensions along 2 bipolar dimensions

• values influence behaviour when the situation facilitates that connection

Question 11

international values

Answer 11

• hofstede 1970
• surveyed more than 116000 IBM employees in 40 countries
• hofstede’s framework
• > power distance
• -> valuing unequal distribution of power
• > individualism vs collectivism
• -> valuing independence and personal uniqueness
• > masculinity vs femininity
• -> material vs friendships
• > uncertainty avoidance
• -> tolerating or feeling threatened by ambiguity and uncertainty
• > long-term vs. short-term orientation
• ->