week 2

Question 1

What are the 7 factors of how relationship science works

Answer 1

1. developing a question 2. obtaining participants 3. choosing a design 4. selecting a setting 5. the nature of the data 6. ethics 7. interpreting and integrating results

Question 2

Developing a question: the questions researcher ask emerge from various sources like (4)

Answer 2

personal experience, social problems, previous research, theories

Question 3

Obtaining participants: Whose relationships are studied. Conveience sample and repersentative sample

Answer 3

Convenience Sample: anyone who is readily available.

Representative Sample: Participants who resemble the
entire population of people who are of interest.

Question 4

What is volenteer bias?

Answer 4

Of those invited, people who agree to
participate may differ from those who refuse.

Question 5

What should we make of one study at just one university that only included college students

Answer 5

Caution is warranted

Question 6

Choosing designs: what are two different research designs are used by relationship science

Answer 6

correctional designs and experimental designs

Question 7

what is a correlational design

Answer 7

Study naturally occurring events to find associations between them

Question 8

Experimental designs

Answer 8

manipulate events to delineate the
causal connections between them.

Question 9

experimental designs illuminate

Answer 9

cause and effect

Question 10

Dion et al. examined why we tend to like people who are physically attractive. They wondered whether the mere fact that someone is physically
attractive leads to other positive judgments about that person. What was the cause and effect in the study

Answer 10

Cause: physical appearance and effect: favourable judgment

Question 11

What is a dependent variable

Answer 11

the effect or outcome of the researchers
want to understand.

Question 12

how was the study conducted/what happened in the study?

Answer 12

• Participants were given 3 photographs of people and asked to
  rate their impressions of each one (personality of the person; if they were likely to be happily married; what kinds of jobs they might have)

Question 13

Indepdendent variable is what?

Answer 13

: the possible cause; what is
manipulated by the researcher.

Question 14

what was the iv and how was it manipulated

Answer 14

iv: physical attractiveness and the level of physical attractiveness in the photos

Question 15

what is a control?

Answer 15

holding constant across all conditions

Question 16

Results of the study

Answer 16

*Compared to the less attractive people, participants rated the
more attractive people as more well adjusted, more likely to have a
satisfying marriage, and more likely to have a prestigious job.

Question 17

Selecting a setting: ussually two choices

Answer 17

laboratories or natural environments

Question 18

The nature of data: explain self reports

Answer 18

Ask people about their experiences.

they help us understand people’s personal points of view

Question 19

potential problems with self-report

Answer 19

Participants may misunderstand some questions, people’s memories may not be accurate, people may not be able to tell the truth

Question 20

Self reports: what is self-serving bias

Answer 20

: Participants may honestly think that they
are kinder, more competent, and more attentive than they
really are.

Question 21

what is social desirability bias:

Answer 21

: People may be reluctant to report
anything that makes them look bad.

Question 22

explain ecological momentary assessment

Answer 22

uses short, intermittent periods of
observation to capture samples of
behaviour that occurs over a longer
periods.

Question 23

what is reactivity

Answer 23

people changing their behaviour when they know they are being observed

Question 24

what are physiological measures?

Answer 24

Measures of autonomic and
biochemical responses.

Question 25

Measures of heart rate, hormone
levels, brain activity, muscle tension,
and genital arousal can provide
information about

Answer 25

How physical states are associated with social behaviour

Question 26

What does it mean to use archival materials

Answer 26

Inspection of personal
documents, such as photographs
and diaries, and public records,
such as marriage licenses can
also be informative.

Question 27

What is couples reports:

Answer 27

involve self-reports of one’s own behaviour
and observations of the other’s
behaviour from both members of
a couple.

Question 28

What is the ethics of intimate relationship studies?

Answer 28

Relationship scientists are cautious about protecting the welfare
of the participants in their research, but people may be
asked about sensitive issues

Question 29

Interpreting and integrating results: what is paird interdependent data

Answer 29

: partners influence each other, so
their responses are not independent.

Question 30

what is different levels of analysis?

Answer 30

– researchers can study partners as
individuals or as a couple.

Question 31

three sources of influence

Answer 31

The two individual partners and the
idiosyncratic partnership they share influence their interactions.