week 10 Flashcards
What percent of Canadian marriages end in divorce
40%
The number of divorces in 2020 was what since 1973
lowest
What is the decrease in divorce rate since 1991 is linked to
the aging of the married population
what percent of divorces are now the result of a blank application
joint application by both spouses
Which country has the highest divorce rates
Divorces are more common in the
United States than in all of Europe,
Canada, or Japan.
* About 1 out of every eight adults in the
The U.S. is presently divorced.
Why has the divorce rate increased (4):
Demanding expectations, women working outside the home, divorce is less shameful, cohabitation is more prevalent
Demanding expectations explained:
: People may expect more out of marriage
than they used to; marriage is supposed to be play, not work, and
passionate, not placid (or routine).
Women work outside the home explained
: Both spouses now have access to
money and alternative partners, and the economic freedom to
divorce generally makes divorce more likely.
Divorce is less hameful explained
We tend to feel that a no-fault
divorce is a more desirable response to a bad
marriage.
cohabitation is more prevalent
Casual
cohabitation leads to less respect for
marriage and increases people’s willingness
to divorce.
Levingers barrier model: George levinger proposed 3 factors influence break ups
Attraction, alternative, Barriers
Attraction
: the desire to remain in a partnership is enhanced by its
rewards but diminished by its costs.
Alternatives
tempting alternatives increase the appeal of leaving
one’s current partner.
Barriers:
various social pressures, religious constraints, and financial
costs might make it hard to leave.
Vulnerability-Stress-Adaptation Model
Karney and Bradbury suggested three factors that can contribute to
divorce:
what are three factors?
enduring vulnerabilities, adaptive processes, stressful events
Enduring vulnerabilities
personal liabilities or weaknesses with
which people begin their marriages or relationships.
Adaptive process:
: the techniques with which partners try to cope
with stress.
Pair project focus- looked at divorce rates of 168 couples over 30 years. After 13 years how many divorced
35%
Pair found 3 reasons for divorce.
Enduring dynamics: Spouses may bring to their marriages problems
that surfaced while dating.
Emergent distress: The problems that destroy a couple begin after
they marry so that when they
begin, there aren’t any obvious
differences between marriages
that will succeed and those that
will fail.
Disillusionment: Couples typically
begin their marriages with rosy,
romanticized views of their
relationships that are unrealistically
positive.
Results from the pair project:: enduring dynamics model predicted what
how happy marriages
would be.
best predictor of divorce was
The best predictor of which couples would divorce was the
disillusionment model
3 Personal perceptions of the causes of divorce
- cultural context, 2. personal context, 3. relational context
Specific factors associated with divorce: Socioeconomic status
low income and low education= more divorce
