Week 11 Lecture 1 Flashcards
amongst rodents trapped, the _____ was found to be the main host to a previously unknown type of hantavirus
deer mouse
about ____ of deer mice tested showed evidence of infection with hantavirus
30%
case control investigation
case: households where people who had gotten the disease lived
control- households similar to those where the case-patients lived, except for one factor: no one in the control households had gotten the disease
how was the specific hantavirus isolated
the special pathogens branch at CDC used tissue from a deer mouse that had been trapped near the New Mexico home of a person who had gotten the disease and grew the virus from it in the laboratory
new virus name
Sin Nombre Virus (SNV)
The new disease caused by the virus was called
hantavirus pulmonary syndrome
the earliest known case of HPS has been confirmed was the
case of a 38 year old Utah man in 1959
during this outbreak, what changed
suddenly more mice than usual
is sin nombre the only virus that causes hps
no; there are numerous
the agent is
member of family Bunyaviridae
as far as human disease, hantavirus is divided into what 2 major groups
- causes hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrom (HFRS)
2. Sin nombre virus
what hantaviruses cause HFRS
hantaan, Puumala, Seoul; primarily found in asia and europe
hantavirus transmission
rodents shed virus in their urine, droppings and saliva; so mainly transmitted via air contaiminated with the virus (but people may be able to get the virus if they touch something that has been contaminated with rodent urine, droppings, or salive, and then touch their nose or mouth; or eat contaminated food)
hantavirus disease in animals
persistent infection and virus excretion without clinical symptoms are foun din rodent species that serve as reservoirs of hantaviruses
hantavirus in domestic animals
antibodies have been reported but does not seem to cause disease
what are the early symptoms of HPS
fatique, fever, and muscle aches
headaches, dizziness, chills, abdominal problems (nausea, diarrhea, pain)
late symptoms of HPS
occur 4 to 10 days after the initial phase of illness; coughing and shortness of breath
symptoms may develop between
1 and 5 weeks after exposure to urine, droppings, or saliva of infected rodents
diagnosis of hantavirus
positive serological test result, evidence of viral antigen in tissue by immunohistochemistry, or the presence of amplifiable viral RNA sequences in blood or tissue, with compatible history of HPS, is considered diagnostic for HPS
treatment of hantavirus
no specific treatment, cure, or vaccine for hantavirus infection; just supportive therapy
what populations are at risk
cleaning mice homes (sheds)
construction, utility, pest control
campers and hikers
prevention of hantavirus
eliminate or minimize contact with rodents in your home, workplace or campsite;
seal up holes and gaps in your home
place traps in and around your home
clean up easy toget food
hantavirus is a category ___
category C agent
category C agent
include emerging pathogens that could be engineered for mass dissemination in the future beacuse of availability, ease of production and dissemination, potential for high morbidity and mortality rates and major health impact
