week 11 - fetal face, neck, spine

Question 1

The ___ solidifies early, but the upper jaw, lip, and nose merge over a period of weeks.

Answer 1

lower jaw

Question 2

The middle of the upper lip is formed by continuation of the ___ prominence

Answer 2

frontonasal

Question 3

all parts of face are originally___ and must __ to form face

Answer 3

laterally

fuse centrally

Question 4

orbits and eyes are observed at ___ weeks but clearly seen by __ weeks

Answer 4

12

16

Question 5

when scanning we must look at the eyes to determine ___ and ___

Answer 5

number

position

Question 6

seen as a small echogenic oval within the orbit

Answer 6

lens

Question 7

eyes are too close together

Answer 7

hypotelorism

Question 8

eyes are too far

Answer 8

hypertelorism

Question 9

microphthalmia

Answer 9

eyes are too small

Question 10

orbital view is obtained in what scanning planes

Answer 10

coronal or trv

Question 11

t/f: orbits are routinely measured and imaged

Answer 11

false; only measured not routinely imaged

Question 12

outer orbital measure

Answer 12

outer eye to outer eye

-binocular

Question 13

___ is the measurement of choice because of its larger size has a greater range of variability therefore is the most reliable

Answer 13

outer orbital measure (binocular)

Question 14

looking at fetal face mainly for (2)

Answer 14

• cleft lip/ palate

- swallowing and tongue motion

Question 15

what can we do to see better if we question a cleft lip

Answer 15

3D

Question 16

in what scanning view will we see the presence and normal configuration of the nasal bone, lips, chin & forehead

Answer 16

midline sagittal

Question 17

why do we look at the ears

Answer 17

notice the position and size

Question 18

short ears are associated with trisomy

Answer 18

13 & 18

Question 19

low set ears are associated with trisomy

Answer 19

21 - downsyndrome

Question 20

facial screening is limited by (4)

Answer 20

1. Oligohydramnios ( not enough amnionic fluid)
2. bone shadow
3. maternal obesity
4. feal position

Question 21

imaging the fetal neck is transcerebellar in what plane(s)

Answer 21

• sag
• axial (trv)
• coronal

Question 22

what is evaluated when imaging fetal neck

Answer 22

nuchal fold

Question 23

Nuchal fold should have measurement of ___from 15 wks.- 22 wks

Answer 23

6mm or greater

Question 24

landmarks for nuchal fold

Answer 24

cavum septum pellucidum (CSP), cerebellum, cristerna magna