Week 10 Trajan and Hadrian

Question 1

Nerva 96- 98 Ce

Answer 1

Excluded Senate in decisions, was paranoid but good administrator ruler, implemented meritocracy in Rome meaning the next ruler is choosing based on merit.

Question 2

Macus Ulpius Traianus

Answer 2

Rome’s first non-Italian Spanish emperor, took on the names of Augustus and Caesar, was a consul, great military leader and politician, one of the five good emperors. He expanded the Roman empire to its greatest extent.

Question 3

Trajans Harbour

Answer 3

Was built in Claudians Harbour, in the shape of a Hexagon surrounded by grain storages, this was meant to keep the ships safe from external threats, as well as using it on his coin as propaganda

Question 4

The Forum of Trajan

Answer 4

The largest forum built, close to the Forum of Caesar and Augustus, only ruins now remain, contained the largest basilica Ulpia, Also contained and Etruscan style statue, the Colum of Trajan displaying his military career, the Basilica is the main focus, the market of trajan still stands, showing off the romans skill of being able to build modern like mall structures.

Question 5

The Markets of Trajan

Answer 5

Trajan was interested in stimulating romes economy, acted as a wall for all the excavation done and the first mall, Today this would be a large shopping complex, there would be many different shops and restaurants in the market, in the markets would be built a tall and had a a lot of light shine through, this market made people call Trajan Optimus Principes.

Question 6

Trajans Column

Answer 6

A lot of scenes display the roman soldiers building infrastructure in the new conquered territory, showed an entire bridge built of boats to cross the Danube river, there are 22 layers and have a staircase inside, meant to celebrate Trajan’s whole life. The column in 38 meters high and shows a architectural achievement by showing how much dirt was dug out,

Question 7

Trajans conquest of Dacia

Answer 7

Crossed the danube and then attacked their hill fortresses, on the Colum it shows a man representing the river and he is not able to do anything about the romans crossing, on the Colum it displayed the roman war machine as unstoppable, showed “evil” dacian women to justify the way romans treated them, also showed the suicide of the king of the dacians. wanted to be seen as a great but benevolent conqueror, Gods are also shown celebrating Trajan’s victory,

Question 8

The message to the defeated enemy

Answer 8

Tropaeum Traiani, Trajans Trophy, which displayed the romans showing the romans killing many dacians, wanting the dacians to know waht happens when you rebel, showed the glory of defeating high status enemies.

Question 9

Message to our friends in Italy

Answer 9

The arch of Trajan a t Benevento, it links rome to Brindisi and links the two cities, on the arch it shows the generosity of the emperor and his benevolence of to the people. It shows Trajan giving out bread to children in the Alimenta, also shows Trajan keeping his enemies down and keeping Rome safe and wealthy.

Question 10

Baths if Trajan

Answer 10

Was one of the largest bath complexes in the empire, the complex was symmetrical and had many rooms, including a large garden, was right across the colosseum, in middle there was a large swimming pool (Natatio)

Question 11

Hadrian

Answer 11

Trjan chose Hadrian as his succesor he was the third of five great emperors, there was a greek revival with his rule, strongly identified as greek, Trajan’s cousin’s and born in Spain, He was a lover of Greece and the arts also great military leader, but was not a fan of warfare, he liked his lover Antinous a young Greek boy.

Question 12

Hadrian’s Villa

Answer 12

Is located in Tivoli not far from Rome, there were many houses for the staff, a bath theaters, was more like a private city,

Question 13

Piazza D’oro

Answer 13

A large building with a large building, was meant for guests, had a portico, the building had a large greek influence,

Question 14

Segmented (pumpkin) done

Answer 14

was a vault in the shape of a dome, took the dome to its greatest extent,

Question 15

The canopus

Answer 15

is a tributaries to the river Nile, Hadrian wanted to name this place after Egypt, had greek statues surrounding the Canopus, statue of Isis equivalent to goddess Juno, Crocodiles,

Question 16

The pantheon

Answer 16

is a marvel of engineering, looks very Greece, rectangular at the front and round at the back, at the front is says Marcus Agrippa, son of Lucas, in his third consulship made this, the original pantheon had bene made by Agrippa but was remodeled to honour Agrippa, inside there is an alternation of squares and circles, the wall had to be thick to support the massive dome, was to honour the spirit of Plato, there was no paint it was all of marbles natural colour, shows Hadrian’s ability to acquire material from different parts of the world, was turned into a church, was 43 meters tall, had an oculus and provided an opening for the gods, the done had many squares to make the dome lighter, there is speculation that the oculus was set up to be a solar calendar,

Question 17

The temple of Venus and Roma

Answer 17

Was the last major building Hadrian had constructed, located close to the amphitheater, the temple had both greek and roman influence, the exterior look more roman and rhe interior more Greek, the goddess Roma looked towards Rome and the goddess Venus looked towards the rest of the empire, very little of the temple remains today,

Question 18

The temple of Olympian Zeus

Answer 18

Hadrian finished construction of the temple, looking through the temple gave the illusion of looking through a forest of columns,

Question 19

The library of Hadrian

Answer 19

Located in Athens, it contained many scrolls, there was a large atrium where ideas were discussed, an embryo of a modern university,

Question 20

Hadrian’s wall

Answer 20

Stretches 72 miles, largest roman monument in the world, every mile there was a roman castle with a roman garrison, there would’ve have been 20 to 30 men defending, the mile castle weren’t very large, each fort near the wall had barracks, baths, a granary and a principia was like a little city, outside these forts was the vicus a village,

Question 21

Timgad in Algeria

Answer 21

was a military colony by trajan, was a city designed like a roman camp