Week 10 Lecture Flashcards
What are three problems on gender research?
- It may promote a stereotypical approach
- Minimises any differences between male and female
- it assumes that gender is binary
What is the global average life expectancy according to WHO?
72 years
Which region has the greatest life expectancy?
europe
Which gender has a higher life expectancy?
women
Females life expectancy is roughly how many years?
75.6 years
Males life expectancy is how many years roughly?
70.8 years
Tasmania has what kind of life expectancy in comparison to the rest of Australia?
a lesser
Which state in Australia has the highest life expectancy for females?
Victoria
Do women live longer than men in almost every country?
yes
What are some reasons as to why women live longer to men?
genetics is one possible
In Australia, how many more years are women likely to live longer than men?
4 years
How many times are men likely to die from accidents?
3.5 times higher
How many times are men likely to die from suicide?
4 times more likely than females
What kind of behavioural differences between males and females contribute to women having a longer life expectancy?
- alcohol (women less)
- tobacco (women less)
- eating habit
- exercise (men tend to more)
- medical help seeking (women more)
What are some economic and social factors which contribute to gender differences in life expectancy? (3)
- workforce participation
- women more likely to do part time
- social isolation more frequent in women
What are two common saying about gender and health?
- women get ill but men die younger
2. women get depressed but men commit suicide
Men tend to use what type of forms of suicide?
more fatal forms: e.g shooting vs. poisoning
Who respond more negatively to divorce or bereavement?
men more negatively than women
Which gender are more likely to be diagnosed with depression, and which gender are less likely to seek help?
- women
2. men
What are some critical questions on gender and health?
- can research ever be unbiased?
- to what extent can we generalise
- is the binary approach to gender research harmful?
Before the 19th century, how was sexual behaviour regarded?
as a religious or spiritual concern and guidance came from religious leaders
How does WHO define sexual health today?
a state of physical, mental and social well being in relation to sexuality. positive and respectful approach, pleasureable, free of discrimination.
Can sexual health issues have long lasting issues on peoples life?
yes
What are some issues that sexual health involves?
disease, dysfunction, education and sexual health later in life
What are 3 “main” issues discussed in the lecture in regard to sexual health?
- social media
- pornography
- cybersex
What percentage in 2008 were found in the US between 12 and 18 years who have access to pornography?
90%
What percentage of youth reported to be looking at sexual images from 14 years or older?
87%
It has been estimated that what percentage of people who view internet pornography meet criteria for problematic sexual compulsivity?
17% of those who watch it
Chang et a 2014 studied predictors of unwanted exposure to online pornography and sexual solicitation. What was found?
high levels of online game use, media exposure, depression and cyberbullying experiences were association with online perpetration.
Frequent and habitual users of online pornography become more what?
risk averse, bullies, or groom unsuspected facebook users.
What is the almost universal unrealistic optimism when it comes to social media?
The “this would never happen to me” syndrome
The prevalence of child sexual abuse is difficult to estimate: why?
because it is often unreported
studies in the US from Finkelhor show what in regard to child sexual abuse in girls and boys?
1 in 5 girls and 1 in 20 boys is a victim of child sexual abuse
What percentage of adult females recall a childhood sexual abuse incident?
20%
What percentage of adult males recall a childhood sexual abuse incident?
5-10%
Over the course of their lifetime, what percentage of youth aged 14-17 had been sexually victimised?
28%
Children are most vulnerable to sexual abuse between what ages?
7-13
A child who is the victim of prolonged sexual abuse usually develops what?
- low self esteem
- feeling of worthlessness
- distorted view of sec
- withdrawn and mistrustful of adults
- suicidal
The national institute of justice statistics suggested that how many adolescents were assaulted by someone they knew well?
3 out of 4
Children who do not live with both parents as well as children living with homes because of divorce, or domestic violence have a higher chance of what?
Being sexually abused
Research shows that bullying of the LGBTI community undermines what?
the mental, behavioural, and physical health of those people with long lasting consequences
Parent and Bradstreet (2018) examined bullying based on their gay/bi labels and steroid use among US adolescent boys. What was found?
Steroid use was higher in comparison to heterosexual boys.
No relationship was measured among heterosexual boys
How many LGBTI individual withheld information regarding sexual history from a healthcare provider because of stigma?
one in 5
What are some critical questions on sexual health?
- Why is sexual behaviour so difficult to measure?
- How does the inert active nature of sex pose a problem for researchers
- Why does sex research mostly focus on problems?
