Week 1: Myelin and Glia Flashcards
1
Q
Neurons
A
- Receive stimuli
- Transmit action potentials to other neurons or effector organs
2
Q
Glial cells
A
Support and protect neurons
3
Q
Functions of glial cells
A
- Support organ structure
- Helping produce CSF
- Responding to inflammation and infection
- Forming myelin sheaths around axons
- Providing nutrients
4
Q
Glial cell that myelinates the CNS
A
Olgiodendrocytes
5
Q
Glial cell that myelinates the PNS
A
Schwann cells
6
Q
Myelin sheaths
A
Insulate the axons and speed transmission
7
Q
Saltatory conduction
A
Action potential jumps from node to node
8
Q
Astrocytes
A
- Foot processes cover surfaces of neurons, blood vessels, and pia mater
- Part of blood brain barrier
- Regulate extracellular brain fluid composition
9
Q
Ependymal cells
A
- Line ventricles of the brain and central canal
- Form choroid plexuses to secrete CSF
- Processes on basal surface extend into brain tissue (may act like astrocytes)
10
Q
What moves CSF?
A
Cilia in the ependymal cells
11
Q
Microglia
A
- CNS-specific immune cells
- Phagocytic
12
Q
Oligodendrocytes
A
Extensions form part of the myelin sheaths on several axons in the CNS
13
Q
Shwann cells
A
Form myelin sheaths on only one axon in PNS
14
Q
Satellite cells
A
Surround neuron cell bodies in sensory/autonomic ganglia
