Week 1 Chapter 30 Iggy Flashcards
Average pressure in the arteries during one cardiac cycle, reflecting the perfusion of blood to vital organs.
Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) 60 - 70 mmHg adequate perfusion
Define mean Arterial Pressure
What should its value range be.
Average pressure in the arteries during one cardiac cycle, reflecting the perfusion of blood to vital organs.
60 - 70
Cardiac Cycle Describe …
Mitral & Tricuspid (AV) valves close
Aortic & Pulmonary (Semilunar valves) Open
Isovolumetric contraction
Ventricular ejection
Isovolumetric relaxation
Aortic & Pulmonic Valves close
Mitral & Tricuspid Open
Mechanical Properties of the heart (5)
Cardiac Output CO
Heart Rate HR
Stroke Volume SV
Preload
Afterload
Purpose of arterial system
Delivery of oxygen & nutrients to body tissue
BP regulation (4)
Autonomic NS
Kidneys
Endocrine system
Baroreceptors
Primary function
Complete circulation of blood from capillaries to the right side of the heart
Venous system
Myocardial Nuclear Perfusion Imaging
Purpose….
Pre procedure….
Procedure….
Post procedure…
Purpose.
Evaluates blood flow to the heart muscle (myocardium) at rest and during stress.
Identifies areas of ischemia (lack of blood flow) or infarction (
obstruction of the blood supply to an organ or region of tissue, typically by a thrombus or embolus, causing necrosis) and assesses the effectiveness of cardiac treatments.
Pre-Procedure
Patient Education:
Explain the purpose and process of the test, including the use of a radioactive tracer.
Pre procedure
Reassure the patient that the radioactive material used is safe and minimal.
Fasting:
Instruct the patient to remain NPO for 4–6 hours before the test.
Medications:
Assess for and hold medications that may interfere with results (e.g., beta-blockers, nitrates, or caffeine-containing drugs).
Avoid Caffeine and Nicotine:
No caffeine (coffee, tea, chocolate) or nicotine 24 hours before the test as they can affect results.
Allergies and Contraindications:
Check for allergies to iodine, contrast dye, or shellfish if contrast is used.
Assess for pregnancy or breastfeeding (radioactive tracers are contraindicated).
Procedure:
Tracer Injection:
A radioactive tracer (e.g., technetium or thallium) is injected intravenously.
Imaging:
Resting images are taken initially.
Stress images are obtained during physical activity (treadmill) or pharmacologic stress (e.g., adenosine or dobutamine) if the patient is unable to exercise.
Monitoring:
Monitor vital signs and ECG for changes during the stress test.
Observe for adverse reactions to the stress agent (e.g., chest pain, dyspnea).
Post-Procedure
Hydration:
Encourage fluids to flush out the radioactive tracer from the body.
Monitor for Side Effects:
Watch for delayed allergic reactions to the tracer or stress agent.
Resume Normal Activities:
Allow the patient to eat and take medications as prescribed after the test.
Results Follow-Up:
Explain that results may take a few days and to follow up with the
