Week 1- Chapter 2 Flashcards
Abdominal Cavity
Area of body that contains the stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, small intestine, appendix, and part of the large intestine
Abdominopelvic cavity
Area below the diaphragm, with no separation b/t the abdomen and pelvis
Anterior
Front or ventral, in front of
Anabolism
Building up of complex materials in metabolism from simpler ones
Anatomical position
Body standing erect, face forward, arms at sides, and palms forward
Anatomy
The study of the structure of an organism
Biology
The study of all forms of life
Cephalic
Directional term used to mean toward the head
Comparitive anatomy
When diff body parts and organs of humans are studied with regard to similarities to and differences from others in the animal kingdom
Caudal
Refers to direction toward the tail end of the body
Catabolism
The breaking down and changing of complex materials into simple ones with the release of energy, a process in metabolism
Cell
Basic unit of structures and function of all living things
Coronal (frontal) plane
Imaginary line at a right angle to the Sagittarius plane, divides the body into anterior and posterior segments
Dermatology
Study of the physiology and pathology of the skin
Cranial cavity
Area of the body containing the brain
Deep
Directional term used to describe an internal organ within the body, such as the stomach
Cytology
Study of cells
Developmental anatomy
The study of the growth and development of an organism from fertilization to maturity.
Dorsal
Pertaining to the back
Dorsal cavity
Posterior cavity of the body that houses the brain and spinal cord
Disease
Any abnormal changes in the structure and function of an organism that produces symptoms
Embryology
Study of the formation of an organism from fertilized egg to birth
Distal
Farthest from the point of attachment or origin of a structure
Endocrinology
Study of the physiology of the hormonal system
Epigastric
Upper region of the abdominal cavity, located just below the sternum
Gross anatomy
The study of large and easily observable structures on an organism
Histology
Study of tissues and organs
External
Superficial, at or near the surface of the body
Homeostasis
State of balance, the ability of the healthy body to regulate the internal environment within narrow limits
Hypochondriac
The right and left abdominopelvic cavity regions located below the ribs
Inferior
Below another or lower
Hypogastric
Lower region of the abdominal area
Internal
Term used to refer to body cavities and hollow organs
Lateral
Toward the side
Life functions
A series of highly organized and related activities that allow living organisms to live, grow, and maintain themselves
Medial
Directional term, toward midline of the body
Metric system
A decimal system based on the power of 10.
Microscopic anatomy
Study of small tissues, organs, and cells that cannot be seen with the naked eye.
Midsagittal plane
An imaginary line dividing the body into equal right and left halves
Negative feedback loop
A reaction that reverses disturbances in response to a stimulus to reach homeostasis
Metabolism
The functional activities of cells that result in growth, repair, secretions, and the release of energy by the cells
Nasal cavity
One of the pair of cavities between the anterior nares and the nasopharynx
Neurology
Study of the physiology and pathology of the nervous system
Organ system
Organs that are grouped together because more than one is needed to perform a function
Orbital cavity
Contains the eye and its external structures
Organs
Groups of tissues organized according to structures and function
Oral cavity
Enclosed the teeth and tongue
Pelvic cavity
Area of the body containing the urinary bladder, reproductive organs, rectum, and remainder of the large intestine
Posterior
Located behind or at the back, opposite the anterior
Planes
Imaginary, anatomical dividing lines useful in separating body structures
Positive feedback
The body’s ability to increase the level of an event that has already started, an example of positive feedback is blood clotting
Physiology
Study of the functions of living organisms and their parts
Prone
Refers to lying flat, with face and chest down
Quadrants
A term used in reference to the abdominal area by dividing it into 4 areas, or quadrants
Sagittal plane
Directional term that divides the body into left and right parts
Section
A cut made through the body in the direction of a certain plane
Superficial
On or near the surface of the body
Proximal
Located toward the point of attachment or trunk of the body
Superior
In anatomy, higher, denoting upper of 2 parts, toward vertex
Tissues
Cells grouped according to size, shape, and function, epithelial, connective, muscle, and nerve tissues are examples of
Supine
Refers to lying on one’s back, with face and torso facing up
Thoracic cavity
Contains the mediastinum and 2 other cavities, the left pleural cavity contains the left lung and the right pleural cavity contains the right lung
Transverse
Imaginary horizontal line that divides the body into upper and lower portions
Systematic anatomy
Study of the structure and function of various organs or parts comprising a particular organ system
Umbilical
Area located around the navel, the right and left lumbar region
Vertebral cavity
Area of the body containing the spinal cord
Vertebral (spinal) cavity
Area of the body containing the spinal cord
Ventral
Front, in front of, or anterior
Umbilicus
Navel
