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A330 > WEATHER RADAR > Flashcards

WEATHER RADAR Flashcards

1
Q

What are the advantages & disadvantages of AWRs at higher frequencies?

A

Advantages:

  • Improved reflectivity
  • Better detection
  • Better resolution

Disadvantage: Increased attenuation

  • Range attenuation
  • Precipitation attenuation
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2
Q

What is the normal altitude range & temperature of the icing level?

A

15000 - 23000ft with a temperature betwwen 0 and -15 deg C

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3
Q

What is considered to be a good radar target?

A

Surface to 15000 ft section gets all the moisture in a liquid state, it is a good radar target.

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4
Q

Tilting up when scanning a cell, the return will weaken as the water becomes

A

Ice and less reflective

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5
Q

Does the threat diminish above the -15 deg level?

A

No

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6
Q

What is overscanning?

A

Directing the beam too high

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7
Q

Which sections of a storm should one aim at to find the best return?

A

Bottom two sections

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8
Q

Which one is right in the following sentence ?

The closer to a storm, the LESS/MORE the attenuation

A

Less

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9
Q

What effect does rain have on precipitation attenuation?

A

Rain prevents depth detection and secondary target detection

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10
Q

Azimuth resolution, when is it not possible for the WX radar to distinguish between two targets?

A

When both targets are at the same range and less than a beam width away in azimuth they will appear as a solid band of weather across track. As the cell get closer they will split into 2 separate returns.

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11
Q

Range resolution, how long are the pulses at high & low display range?

A
  • High range: 1.5NM
  • Low range: 1NM
    It means that 2 targets separated by less than these distances will be detected as 1 single return.
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12
Q

Is continuous use of manual gain recommended?

A

No, since the radar colour presentation is not calibrated in manual gain.

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13
Q

Which of the display level colours is not affected by the position of the gain control?

A

Magenta

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14
Q

When WX/TURB is selected, magenta indicates MOD to SEVERE turbulence within _____

A

40 NMs

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15
Q

Which radar return shapes may indicate severe turbulence and hail?

A

Fingers, hooks, scalloped edges, horseshoe and fig 6 shapes

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16
Q

What is the main difference between Ground and Weather return if the tilt is adjusted upwards?

A

WX returns will initially remain unchanged unlike other returns

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17
Q

Which of the following, cast radar shadows: cities, thunderstorms, mountains

A

Thunderstorms & mountains

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18
Q

What does the WX radar use to detect windshear or microburst?

A

Doppler frequency shift (raindrops moving towards the radar at one range and away at a slightly different range)

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19
Q

Can CAT be detected?

A

No, due to lack of reflective precipitation

20
Q

When is turbulence mode recommended?

A

Assessing or avoiding convective wx

21
Q

When assessing wx, what should be done to avoid being boxed in?

A

Select longer ranges

22
Q

Which side of a thunderstorm is turbulence usually more intense?

A

Downwind

23
Q

A thunderstorm usually moves in the direction of _________

A

The mean wind between 5000 and 30000 ft

24
Q

What should be kept in mind when dimming lights in the flight deck at night?

A

Temporary blindness from lightning flashes

25
Q

When do you need to establish a protection zone?

A

In IMC or at night:

  • On departure when passing 20000 ft
  • In Cruise after a significant heading change
26
Q

In IMC or at night, the range/tilt displayed should initially be ___/____

A

40 NMs / -10 deg

27
Q

The radar scans side to side in ________

A

4 seconds

28
Q

When should the range be set to 80 NMs?

A

When the ground stripe is at the outer edge of 40 NMs

29
Q

The screen should never be just ______

A

Black

30
Q

Take avoidance action before the target is inside the ______ range

A

40 NM

31
Q

A storm should be avoided by at least ______ while two storms should be separated by _____to fly between them

A

20 NMS. 40 NMs

32
Q

Thunderstorms can be avoided vertically.

A

No

33
Q

If within 40 NMs, all cells should be avoided by ______

A

20 NMs

34
Q

If downwind of a storm, what is the rule of thumb to calculate the range of turbulence

A

1 NM for each 1 Kt of wind at current FL

35
Q

In IMC or at night, at least one ND should have a range displayed of _____

A

80 NMs max 160 Nms

36
Q

Tilt setting for T/O

A

+4 Deg

37
Q

The tilt setting from initial climb to 20000 ft should be _______

A

+2 to +3 deg

38
Q

If a course change of _____is made, the protection zone should be re-established

A

45 deg

39
Q

Why is it advisable to keep the ground returns at 80 Nms?

A

To point the beam into the reflective part of the cloud

40
Q

During descent tilt may be increased below_______

A

15000 ft

41
Q

In the final stages of the approach, tilt range should be ______

A

+2 to +4 deg

42
Q

Which common error results in damage or injury?

A

Overscanning

43
Q

What type of conditions offer the best reflectivity and weather echo return?

A

Ground Clutter, Wet Hail, Rain, Wet Snow, Dry Hail, Dry Snow, Drizzle

44
Q

What is the definition of tilt?

A

Tilt is the angle betwwen the antenna and the horizon.

It is independent from aircraft pitch and bank angle.

45
Q

What are the 3 sections of a Storm cell?

A

Upper level: moisture in dry frozen state
Icing level: can be the most reflective area
Lower level: moisture in a liquid state

46
Q

How do you establish a protection zone?

A

Start with the Range at 40NM, tilt down at least -10
Tilt up slowly to bring the stripe at the outer edge
Select Range 80NM and tilt up slowly
Leave the tilt with the return at the outer edge

A330 (16 decks)

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