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HEME/LYMPH > WBC Disorders VII > Flashcards

WBC Disorders VII Flashcards

1
Q

3 categories of myeloid neoplasia

A

1 - acute myeloid leukemia
2 - myelodysplastic syndrome
3 - myeloproliferative disorder

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2
Q

accumulation of immature myeloid forms in bone marrow supress normal hematopoiesis

A

AML

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3
Q

Dx of AML

A

20% blasts in bone marrow

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4
Q

ineffective hematopoiesis leads to cytopenia

A

myelodysplastic syndromes

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5
Q

increased production of one or more types of committed mature white,red cells of myeloid series

A

myeloproliferative disorders

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6
Q

transform to AML

A

MDS and MPD

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7
Q

origin from hematopoietic progenitor cell

A

myeloid neoplasias

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8
Q

CD34

A

multipotent stem cells

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9
Q

CD64

A

mature myeloid cells

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10
Q

CD15

A

mature myeloid cells

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11
Q

AML with prior MDS

A

poor prognosis

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12
Q

therapy related AML

A

very poor prognosis

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13
Q

AML, NOS

A

M0-7 classes

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14
Q

t(8;21) (q22;q22)

A

favorable prognosis AML

RUNX1/ETO fusion gene

M2

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15
Q

inv(16) (p13;q22)

A

favorable prognosis AML

CBFB/MKH11 fusion gene

M4eo

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16
Q

t(15;17) (q22;11-12)

A

intermediate prognosis AML

RARA/PML fusion gene

M3

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17
Q

t(11q23;v)

A

poor prognosis AML

MLL fusion gene

M4/M5

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18
Q

myeloperoxidase

A

identify myeloblast

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19
Q

nonspecific

A

identify monoblasts

20
Q

auer rods

A

identify myeloid lineage

21
Q

myeloperoxidase negative AML

A

M0 - minimally differentiated

22
Q

myeloperoxidase positive AML

A

M1 - AML without maturation

23
Q

non-specific esterase positive AML

A

M5 - AML with monocytic maturation

24
Q

AML path

A

disruption of gene encoding transcription factors for normal myeloid differentiation

epigenome effects

25
Q

t(15;17)

A

acute promyelocytic leukemia

M3

26
Q

acute myeloid leukemia without maturation

A

M1 subtype
-flow cytometry
+ for CD34, CD33, CD15 (subset)
- for CD64

myeloid cells showing limited maturation

27
Q

acute promyelocytic leukemia

A

M3
t(15;17)

show auer rods

28
Q

acute myeloid leukemia with monocytic differentiation

A

M5b subtype

29
Q

severe bleeding from gums

A

AML
-acute myeloid leukemia

fatigue, fever, infection, bleeding

30
Q

clinical for AML

A

fatigue - anemia
infection - neutropenia
bleeding - thrombocytopenia

31
Q

granulocytic sarcoma

A

localized primary tumor mass

with AML

32
Q

leukemia cutis

A

monocytic feature

monocytic differentiation - often with skin infiltration

33
Q

antibodies against GpIIb/IIIa or vWF

A

AML with megakaryocytic maturation

M7

34
Q

AML with erythroid maturation

A

M6

35
Q

AML with myelomonocytic maturation

A

M4
AMML

monocytic and myelocytic differentiation

MPO positive
NSE positive

36
Q

M0

A

AML minimally differentiated

MPO negative

37
Q

acute promyelocytic leukemia

A

M3

  • high incidence of DIC
  • t(15;17) association
38
Q

t-MDS

A

secondary myelodysplasia syndrome

to genotoxic drug or radiation therapy

worse prognosis

and worse cytopenia

39
Q

mutation at TP53

A

LOF mutation

in myelodysplasia syndrome

40
Q

clinical for myelodysplasia

A

70yo

progress to AML 10-40%

41
Q

pseudo-peiger-huet cells

A

neutrophils with only two nuclear lobes

in myelodysplasia

42
Q

megakaryocytes with multiple nuclei

A

in myelodysplasia

43
Q

ringed sideroblasts

A

erythroid progenitors with iron laden mitochondria seen as blue perinuclear granules

in myelodysplasia

44
Q

discovered on accident on blood screen

A

often with myelodysplasia

45
Q

MDS prognosis

A

survival 9-29 months

46
Q

constitutively activated tyrosine kinases

A

myeloproliferative disorders

HEME/LYMPH (11 decks)

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