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HEME/LYMPH > WBC Disorders II > Flashcards

WBC Disorders II Flashcards

1
Q

serum

A

no clotting factors

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2
Q

buffy coat

A

has WBCs

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3
Q

hematocrit

A

relative measure of red cell mass to plasma

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4
Q

male and female hematocrit

A

male - 45 +/- 7

female - 42 +/- 5

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5
Q

plasma obtain

A

add anticoagulant

citrate, EDTA, heparin

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6
Q

citrate and EDTA

A

chelate calcium

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7
Q

heparin

A

inhibits thrombin

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8
Q

plasma

A

fluid acellular portion of blood

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9
Q

blue top

A

citrate

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10
Q

purple top

A

EDTA

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11
Q

green top

A

heparin

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12
Q

alpha and beta globulins

A

carrier proteins
acute phase reactants
clotting factors
enzymes

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13
Q

gamma globulins

A

antibodies

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14
Q

albumin

A

oncotic pressure

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15
Q

M component

A

monoclonal spike

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16
Q

leukoerythroblastosis

A

release of nucleated RBCs and granulocyte progenitors

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17
Q

leukocytosis

A

proliferative

-reactive, neoplasm

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18
Q

leukopenia

A

decreased cell count

lymphopenia
neutropenia

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19
Q

agranulocytosis

A

low neutrophil count that is clinically significant

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20
Q

most common cause of agranulocytosis

A

drug toxicity

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21
Q

consequence of agranulocytosis

A

infections
-ulcerating necrotizing lesions of gingiva, floor of mouth, buccal mucosa

agranulocytic angina

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22
Q

leukocytosis

A

increased marrow production
increased release of marrow
decreased margination
decreased extravasation to tissues

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23
Q

IL-5

A

eosinos

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24
Q

G-CSF

A

neutros

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25
Q

dohle bodies

A

ER dilated

-sky blue cytoplasmic puddles

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26
Q

leukamoid rxn

A

elevated WBC count in response to stress/infection

27
Q

acute non-specific lymphadenitis

A

enlarged, painful nodes

-reactive germinal centers, macrophages with cell debris, follicle center necrosis

28
Q

toxic granules

A

coarse/dark and azurophilic

-with sepsis or severe inflammation

29
Q

chronic non-specific lymphadenitis

A

follicular hyperplasia
paracortical hyperplasia
sinus histiocytosis

30
Q

follicular hyperplasia

A

chronic non-specific lymphadenitis

polarized - dark zone (centroblast) and light zone (centrocytes)

tingible body macros - with B cell debris

rheumatoid arthritis, toxoplasmosis, early HIV

31
Q

chronic gastritis

A

helicobacter pylori

32
Q

bacterial infection

33
Q

granuloma

A

epithiliod macros and mononuclear inflammatory cells

34
Q

parasite infection

35
Q

fungal infection

36
Q

acute inflammation

A

granulocytes

37
Q

chronic inflammation

A

mononuclear cells

38
Q

autoimmune disease

A

mononuclear cells

39
Q

tingible body macrophages

A

follicular hyperplasia

-chronic non-specific lymphadenitis

40
Q

sinus histiocytosis

A

chronic lymphadenitis
-increased number and size of cells lining sinusoids

ex. nodes draining cancers

41
Q

hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis

A

cytopenia
-systemic inflammation and macrophage activation

can be genetic

42
Q

acute fever, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, anemia, thrombocytopenia, elevated ferritin, elevated liver function test, DIC, multi-organ failure, shock, death

A

hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis

systemic activation of macrophages and CD8 T cells

43
Q

reactive neutros

A

toxic granules and dohle bodies

44
Q

AML

A

immature progenitors accumulate in marorw

45
Q

myelodysplastic syndrome

A

ineffective hematopoiesis and cytopenia

46
Q

chronic myeloproliferative disorder

A

increased production of 1 or more terminally differentiated myeloid element

47
Q

histiocyte

A

tissue cell

48
Q

langerhans cell

A

immature dendritic cell

49
Q

histiocytoses

A

proliferation of macrophages or dendritic cells

50
Q

smoking

A

2x increase in risk for acute myeloid leukemia

51
Q

carcinomas

A 
squamous cell
or adenocarcinoma (glandular)
52
Q

less differentiated

A

more aggressive

-for solid tumors

53
Q

vascularization

A

when tumor is > 1-2cm

54
Q

criteria for malignancy

A

metastasis

in solid tumors

55
Q

sarcoma

56
Q

leukemias and lymphomas

57
Q

leukemia

A

bone marrow/peripheral blood

58
Q

lymphoma

A

tissue mass

59
Q

non-hodgkins lymphoma

A

1/3 extranodal

2/3 enlarged nontender nodes

60
Q

blasts in peripheral blood

A

abnormal - should be investigated

61
Q

staging

A

in hodgkins

62
Q

myeloid lymphoma?

A

granulocytic sarcoma

63
Q

myeloid neoplasms

A
  • leukemias
  • myelodysplastic syndrome
  • myeloproliferative syndrome

HEME/LYMPH (11 decks)

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