Wbc Abnormalities

Question 0

What are three types of neutrophilia?

Answer 0

Transient, stress, inflammatory

Question 1

What is an increase in neutrophils called?

Answer 1

Neutrophilia

Question 2

What is transient neutrophilia causes by?

Answer 2

Adrenaline (epinephrine) as a result if fear, exercise, or excitement

Question 3

What is the marginal neutrophil pool?

Answer 3

Neutrophils that stick to vessel walls and can enter circulation in response to stimuli

Question 4

Does transient neutrophilia have a left shift?

Answer 4

No

Question 5

What is transient neutrophilia common in and rare in?

Answer 5

Common in cats, rare in dogs

Question 6

What species is stress neutrophilia common in?

Answer 6

Dogs

Question 7

Is the a left shift in stress neutrophilia?

Answer 7

Usually no

Question 8

What can steroids do in stress neutrophilia?

Answer 8

Can cause increase in neutrophil transit time and decrease neutrophil movement into tissues

Question 9

What causes inflammatory neitrophilia?

Answer 9

Tissue demand for phagocytes

Question 10

What usually causes a greater response of inflammatory neutrophilia?

Answer 10

Localized purulent diseases

Question 11

Is a left shift common in inflammatory neutrophilia?

Answer 11

Yes

Question 12

What is a decrease in neutrophils called?

Answer 12

Neutropenia

Question 13

What are two reasons for neutropenia?

Answer 13

Excessive usage and decreased production

Question 14

What cause excessive usage neutropenia?

Answer 14

Neutrophil movement into tissues are greater than the bone marrows ability to release them

Question 15

What are six diseases that can cause neutropenia?

Answer 15

Parvovirus, feline pan leukopenia, distemper, FELV, chemical toxic irises, genetic disorders

Question 16

What can cause toxic changes in neutrophils?

Answer 16

Toxemia, severe bacterial infections and/or inflammation

Question 17

What are Doehle bodies?

Answer 17

Blue gray cytoplasmic inclusions

Question 18

What are four other types of toxic changes in neutrophils?

Answer 18

Diffuse cytoplasmic Basophilic, cytoplasmic vacuoles, increased cell size, toxic granulation

Question 19

What toxic change in neutrophils are most common in horses?

Answer 19

Toxic granulation

Question 20

What is an increase in lymphocytes called?

Answer 20

Lymphocytes is

Question 21

What are three causes of lymphocytes is?

Answer 21

Physiologic ( same as neutrophilia), chronic infections, lymphosarcoma

Question 22

What is a left shift?

Answer 22

7300 bands/ul

Question 23

What can calm someone does when stressed?

Answer 23

Corticosteroids

Question 24

What's the difference between toxic neutrophils and monocytes?

Answer 24

Toxic neutrophils will have a dark, dense nuclear

Question 25

Do enlarged lymph nodes mean lymphocytosis?

Answer 25

Not necessarily

Question 26

What is a decrease in lymphocytes mean?

Answer 26

Lymphopenia

Question 27

What are four causes of lymphopenia?

Answer 27

Stress/corticosteroid Loss of lymph Immunodeficiency Impaired lymphopoiesis

Question 28

Describe stress/corticosteroid lymphopenia

Answer 28

Occurs in pain, stressful disorders or debilitating diseases

Question 29

When will steroid therapy cause maximum decrease with lymphopenia?

Answer 29

2-4 hours

Question 30

When will lymphocytes return to normal after steroid therapy in lymphopenia?

Answer 30

24 hours

Question 31

How long is required for lymphocytes to return to normal after stopping log term steroid therapy?

Answer 31

2-3 days

Question 32

Describe loss of lymph lymphopenia

Answer 32

Ruptured or damaged lymph ducts

Question 33

What are two immunodeficiency diseases that cause lymphopenia in cats?

Answer 33

FELV and FIV

Question 34

What immuno deficient disease causes lymphopenia in other species?

Answer 34

Congenital T cell immuno deficiencies

Question 35

What can cause impaired lymphopoiesis? 4

Answer 35

Cancer, chemotherapy, prolonged steroid treatment, irradiation

Question 36

What is the most common finding in animal leukograms?

Answer 36

Lymphopenia

Question 37

How many dogs and cats die of lymphopenia?

Answer 37

1/3 of dogs and 1/2 of cats

Question 38

What is an increase of monocytes called?

Answer 38

Monocytes is

Question 39

What are two causes of monocytosis?

Answer 39

Corticosteroid/stress and tissue demand

Question 40

What is seen with stress induced monocytosis? 3

Answer 40

Neutrophilia w/I left shift Lymphopenia Eosinopenia

Question 41

What species is stress monocytosis common in?

Answer 41

Dogs

Question 42

Describe tissue demand of monocytosis

Answer 42

Demand for phagocytosis of large particulate debris and conditions of increased cellular immunity

Question 43

What can cause tissue demand in monocytosis? 4

Answer 43

Purulent infections: pyrometers, necrosis, internal hemorrhage, hemolytic disease

Question 44

What is a decrease in monocytes called?

Answer 44

Monocytopenia

Question 45

What two leukograms are not clinically useful?

Answer 45

Monocytopenia and Basopenia

Question 46

What is an increase in eosinophils called?

Answer 46

Eosinophilia

Question 47

What causes eosinophilia?

Answer 47

Not sure

Question 48

What does eosinophilia result from?

Answer 48

Antigen-antibody interaction in the tissues (skin, lungs, GI)

Question 49

When is eosinophilia seen?

Answer 49

Parasite infections or when host tissue/parasite contact is long

Question 50

Does finding parasites in decal of adult animal cause for increase?

Answer 50

Not always

Question 51

What is a decrease in eosinophils called?

Answer 51

Eosinopenia

Question 52

What can cause eosinopenia?

Answer 52

Corticosteroids

Question 53

When will corticosteroids cause eosinopenia?

Answer 53

2-3 hours after administration

Question 54

When will pretreatment levels of eosinopenia return? Shirt term and longn term

Answer 54

24 hours short, 72 hours long term

Question 55

What so you call an increase in basophils?

Answer 55

Basophilia

Question 56

What can you see Basophilia with?

Answer 56

Hyperlipidemia and eosinophilia during disorders of long standing antibody stimulation

Question 57

What is chronic dirofilarious?

Answer 57

Long standing antibody stimulation